Symbolic Boolean manipulation with ordered binary-decision diagrams
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Using transformations and verification in circuit design
Formal Methods in System Design - Special issue on designing correct circuits
Verification of the Futurebus+ cache coherence protocol
Formal Methods in System Design - Special issue on symbolic model checking
Formal Verification for Fault-Tolerant Architectures: Prolegomena to the Design of PVS
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Symbolic Model Checking
An Invitation to Formal Methods
Computer
Formal Verification of a Pipelined Microprocessor
IEEE Software
Proceedings of the First International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design
FMCAD '96 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
CAV '96 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
CAV '97 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
Effective Theorem Proving for Hardware Verification
TPCD '94 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Theorem Provers in Circuit Design - Theory, Practice and Experience
Validity Checking for Combinations of Theories with Equality
FMCAD '96 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design
Inverting the Abstraction Mapping: A Methodology for Hardware Verification
FMCAD '96 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design
An Efficient Decision Procedure for the Theory of Fixed-Sized Bit-Vectors
CAV '97 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
Automatic verification of Pipelined Microprocessor Control
CAV '94 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
On Shostak's Decision Procedure for Combinations of Theories
CADE-13 Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Automated Deduction: Automated Deduction
Automated Deduction and Formal Methods
CAV '96 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
Algebraic Models of Superscalar Microprocessor Implementations: A Case Study
Proceedings of the ESPRIT Working Group 8533 on Prospects for Hardware Foundations: NADA - New Hardware Design Methods, Survey Chapters
Verifying a Simple Pipelined Microprocessor Using Maude
WADT '01 Selected papers from the 15th International Workshop on Recent Trends in Algebraic Development Techniques
Algebraic models of simultaneous multithreaded and multi-core processors
CALCO'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Algebra and coalgebra in computer science
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Formal methods have gained acceptance in the hardware field through a pragmatic approach that has succeeded in providing systematic, scalable, highly automated, and cost-effective treatments for certain stereotypical problems of practical importance. By identifying stereotypical problems, the effort required to develop effective formal methods has been amortized over many applications. We suggest that formal methods can achieve similar industrial success in selected software applications by following the same principles. As illustration, we examine approaches to the stereotypical problem of interpreter correctness in the presence of timing differences between the specification and implementation interpreters. In hardware, this corresponds to the problem of verifying microprogrammed, pipelined, or superscalar processors, but it has wider applications to any system---hardware or software---that can be considered as an interpreter.