Compilers: principles, techniques, and tools
Compilers: principles, techniques, and tools
Power programming with RPC
Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection
Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection
Compiled Simulation of Programmable DSP Architectures
Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems - Special issue on the 1995 VLSI signal processing workshop
Software timing analysis using HW/SW cosimulation and instruction set simulator
Proceedings of the 6th international workshop on Hardware/software codesign
The design and use of simplepower: a cycle-accurate energy estimation tool
Proceedings of the 37th Annual Design Automation Conference
Function-level power estimation methodology for microprocessors
Proceedings of the 37th Annual Design Automation Conference
Wattch: a framework for architectural-level power analysis and optimizations
Proceedings of the 27th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Efficient power co-estimation techniques for system-on-chip design
DATE '00 Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
JouleTrack: a web based tool for software energy profiling
Proceedings of the 38th annual Design Automation Conference
A universal technique for fast and flexible instruction-set architecture simulation
Proceedings of the 39th annual Design Automation Conference
High-Level Power Analysis and Optimization
High-Level Power Analysis and Optimization
Power Aware Design Methodologies
Power Aware Design Methodologies
An efficient retargetable framework for instruction-set simulation
Proceedings of the 1st IEEE/ACM/IFIP international conference on Hardware/software codesign and system synthesis
DATE '03 Proceedings of the conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe - Volume 1
Library Functions Timing Characterization for Source-Level Analysis
DATE '03 Proceedings of the conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe - Volume 1
High-level energy macromodeling of embedded software
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
A simulation framework for energy-consumption analysis of OS-driven embedded applications
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Hybrid simulation for embedded software energy estimation
Proceedings of the 42nd annual Design Automation Conference
Coordinated, distributed, formal energy management of chip multiprocessors
ISLPED '05 Proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Efficiently exploring architectural design spaces via predictive modeling
Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Efficient architectural design space exploration via predictive modeling
ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO)
Automatic Power Model Generation for Sensor Network Simulator
ICESS '07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Embedded Software and Systems
Architecture performance prediction using evolutionary artificial neural networks
Evo'08 Proceedings of the 2008 conference on Applications of evolutionary computing
Energy Measurement and Analysis of Security Algorithms for Embedded Systems
GREENCOM '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Green Computing and Communications
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Efficient energy and performance estimation of embedded software is a critical part of any system-level design flow. Macromodeling based estimation is an attempt to speed up estimation by exploiting reuse that is inherent in the design process. Macromodeling involves pre-characterizing reusable software components to construct high-level models, which express the execution time or energy consumption of a sub-program as a function of suitable parameters. During simulation, macromodels can be used instead of detailed hardware models, resulting in orders of magnitude simulation speedup. However, in order to realize this potential, significant challenges need to be overcome in both the generation and use of macromodels--- including how to identify the parameters to be used in the macromodel, how to define the template function to which the macromodel is fitted, em etc. This paper presents an automatic methodology to perform characterization-based high-level software macromodeling, which addresses the aforementioned issues. Given a sub-program to be macromodeled for execution time and/or energy consumption, the proposed methodology automates the steps of parameter identification, data collection through detailed simulation, macromodel template selection, and fitting. We propose a novel technique to identify potential macromodel parameters and perform data collection, which draws from the concept of bf data structure serialization used in distributed programming. We utilize bf symbolic regression techniques to concurrently filter out irrelevant macromodel parameters, construct a macromodel function, and derive the optimal coefficient values to minimize fitting error. Experiments with several realistic benchmarks suggest that the proposed methodology improves estimation accuracy and enables wide applicability of macromodeling to complex embedded software, while realizing its potential for estimation speedup. We describe a case study of how macromodeling can be used to rapidly explore algorithm-level energy tradeoffs, for the tt zlib data compression library.