Comparison of rate-based service disciplines
SIGCOMM '91 Proceedings of the conference on Communications architecture & protocols
Performance of a software MPEG video decoder
MULTIMEDIA '93 Proceedings of the first ACM international conference on Multimedia
Comparing algorithm for dynamic speed-setting of a low-power CPU
MobiCom '95 Proceedings of the 1st annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Data driven signal processing: an approach for energy efficient computing
ISLPED '96 Proceedings of the 1996 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Predicting MPEG execution times
SIGMETRICS '98/PERFORMANCE '98 Proceedings of the 1998 ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
The simulation and evaluation of dynamic voltage scaling algorithms
ISLPED '98 Proceedings of the 1998 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Voltage scheduling problem for dynamically variable voltage processors
ISLPED '98 Proceedings of the 1998 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
The effects of jitter on the peceptual quality of video
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 2)
Wattch: a framework for architectural-level power analysis and optimizations
Proceedings of the 27th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Run-time power control scheme using software feedback loop for low-power real-time application
ASP-DAC '00 Proceedings of the 2000 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
Improving dynamic voltage scaling algorithms with PACE
Proceedings of the 2001 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Dynamic voltage scaling and power management for portable systems
Proceedings of the 38th annual Design Automation Conference
Dynamic voltage scaling on a low-power microprocessor
Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Automatic performance setting for dynamic voltage scaling
Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Dynamic voltage scheduling technique for low-power multimedia applications using buffers
ISLPED '01 Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
An empirical study of realvideo performance across the internet
IMW '01 Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Internet Measurement
3g Wireless Demystified
Low Power Digital CMOS Design
Frame-based dynamic voltage and frequency scaling for a MPEG decoder
Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Dynamic Voltage Scaling on MPEG Decoding
ICPADS '01 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Human perception of jitter and media synchronization
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Hybrid dynamic thermal management based on statistical characteristics of multimedia applications
Proceedings of the 13th international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Low-energy automated scheduling of computing resources
Proceedings of the 1st ACM/IEEE workshop on Autonomic computing in economics
Optimal power reduction based on DVFS algorithm for video decoders
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM Symposium on Research in Applied Computation
International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems
A resource-driven DVFS scheme for smart handheld devices
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
Hi-index | 0.00 |
This paper presents a comparison of power-aware video decoding techniques that utilize dynamic voltage scaling (DVS). These techniques reduce the power consumption of a processor by exploiting high frame variability within a video stream. This is done through scaling of the voltage and frequency of the processor during the video decoding process. However, DVS causes frame deadline misses due to inaccuracies in decoding time predictions and granularity of processor settings used. Four techniques were simulated and compared in terms of power consumption, accuracy, and deadline misses. In addition, this paper proposes the frame-data computation aware (FDCA) technique, which is a useful power-saving technique not only for stored video but also for real-time video applications. The FDCA method is compared with the GOP, Direct, and Dynamic methods, which tend to be more suited for stored video applications. The simulation results indicated that the Dynamic per-frame technique, where the decoding time prediction adapts to the particular video being decoded, provides the most power saving with performance comparable to the ideal case. On the other hand, the FDCA method consumes more power than the Dynamic method but can be used for stored video and real-time time video scenarios without the need for any preprocessing. Our findings also indicate that, in general, DVS improves power savings, but the number of deadline misses also increase as the number of available processor settings increases. More importantly, most of these deadline misses are within 10-20% of the playout interval and thus have minimal affect on video quality. However, video clips with high variability in frame complexities combined with inaccurate decoding time predictions may degrade the video quality. Finally, our results show that a processor with 13 voltage/frequency settings is sufficient to achieve near maximum performance with the experimental environment and the video workloads we have used.