Rapid controlled movement through a virtual 3D workspace
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Implementation of flying, scaling and grabbing in virtual worlds
I3D '92 Proceedings of the 1992 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Pad: an alternative approach to the computer interface
SIGGRAPH '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Pad++: a zooming graphical interface for exploring alternate interface physics
UIST '94 Proceedings of the 7th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Space-scale diagrams: understanding multiscale interfaces
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Virtual reality on a WIM: interactive worlds in miniature
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Navigating large virtual spaces
International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction - Special issue on human-virtual environment interaction
Virtual spaces and real world places: transfer of route knowledge
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Image plane interaction techniques in 3D immersive environments
Proceedings of the 1997 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Context sensitive flying interface
Proceedings of the 1997 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Moving objects in space: exploiting proprioception in virtual-environment interaction
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Worldlets—3D thumbnails for wayfinding in virtual environments
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Navigation in electronic worlds: a CHI 97 workshop
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
Critical zones in desert fog: aids to multiscale navigation
Proceedings of the 11th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Design guidelines for landmarks to support navigation in virtual environments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Navigation as multiscale pointing: extending Fitts' model to very high precision tasks
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Does zooming improve image browsing?
Proceedings of the fourth ACM conference on Digital libraries
Hands-free multi-scale navigation in virtual environments
I3D '01 Proceedings of the 2001 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Exploring 3D navigation: combining speed-coupled flying with orbiting
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Navigation patterns and usability of zoomable user interfaces with and without an overview
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Supporting Transcontinental Collaborative Work in Persistent Virtual Environments
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Cognitive Requirements on Making and Interpreting Maps
COSIT '97 Proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Information Theory: A Theoretical Basis for GIS
Constrained Navigation Environments
Dagstuhl '97, Scientific Visualization
Map Usage in Virtual Environments: Orientation Issues
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
Travel in Immersive Virtual Environments: An Evaluation of Viewpoint Motion Control Techniques
VRAIS '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS '97)
Navigation with Place Representations and Visible Landmarks
VR '04 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality 2004
Design and Evaluation of Navigation Techniques for Multiscale Virtual Environments
VR '06 Proceedings of the IEEE conference on Virtual Reality
mCVEs: using cross-scale collaboration to support user interaction with multiscale structures
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: Collaborative information visualization environments
RPD-enabled agents teaming with humans for multi-context decision making
AAMAS '06 Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems
The Room Effect: Metric Spatial Knowledge of Local and Separated Regions
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Granularity transformations in wayfinding
Spatial cognition III
A flexible framework to personalize 3D web users experience
Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Web 3D Technology
Model and algorithm for computer-aided inventive problem analysis
Computer-Aided Design
The cognitive benefits of dynamic representations in the acquisition of spatial navigation skills
Computers in Human Behavior
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Navigation designs in virtual environments often draw on research findings on human navigation behaviors in the real world, in particular the landmark-route-survey spatial knowledge model. Geographers and cognitive psychologists have argued that this model is insufficient to capture the complexity of spatial cognition related to navigation. They have suggested that new theories are needed to understand the integration of various kinds of spatial knowledge and their relationship with spatial activities, such as route planning, route choosing and so on. In virtual environments, users can scale up and down the virtual space to obtain different spatial knowledge and interaction domains. Such flexibility offers an opportunity to deepen our understanding of the relationship between spatial knowledge and spatial action. This paper reports a study on how scaling in virtual environments can improve the integration of spatial knowledge and spatial action. This paper first proposes a multiscale progressive model that couples spatial knowledge and movement across scale in navigation in virtual environments. Then, the paper introduces the design of multiscale environments to support the coupling. Results of an experimental study show the benefits of the coupled spatial knowledge and movement for navigation involving subtasks at different scale levels. In addition to helping better understand the relationship between spatial knowledge and spatial action, this research also gives some insight into designs to support navigation in virtual environments as well as designs to support cross-scale spatial knowledge access in the real world.