Symbolic model checking using SAT procedures instead of BDDs
Proceedings of the 36th annual ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
A machine program for theorem-proving
Communications of the ACM
Circuit-based Boolean Reasoning
Proceedings of the 38th annual Design Automation Conference
Chaff: engineering an efficient SAT solver
Proceedings of the 38th annual Design Automation Conference
Combining strengths of circuit-based and CNF-based algorithms for a high-performance SAT solver
Proceedings of the 39th annual Design Automation Conference
A Scalable Parallel Algorithm for Reachability Analysis of Very Large Circuits
Formal Methods in System Design
SAT-Based Image Computation with Application in Reachability Analysis
FMCAD '00 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design
Tuning SAT Checkers for Bounded Model Checking
CAV '00 Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
Applying SAT Methods in Unbounded Symbolic Model Checking
CAV '02 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
A Novel SAT All-Solutions Solver for Efficient Preimage Computation
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe - Volume 1
Safety Property Verification Using Sequential SAT and Bounded Model Checking
IEEE Design & Test
SATORI - A Fast Sequential SAT Engine for Circuits
Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
An Efficient Sequential SAT Solver With Improved Search Strategies
Proceedings of the conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe - Volume 2
Prime clauses for fast enumeration of satisfying assignments to boolean circuits
Proceedings of the 42nd annual Design Automation Conference
State Set Management for SAT-based Unbounded Model Checking
ICCD '05 Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Computer Design
Dynamic transition relation simplification for bounded property checking
Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE/ACM International conference on Computer-aided design
Efficient SAT-based unbounded symbolic model checking using circuit cofactoring
Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE/ACM International conference on Computer-aided design
On the Acceleration of Test Generation Algorithms
IEEE Transactions on Computers
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We present a new hybrid BDD and SAT-based algorithm for model checking. Our algorithm is based on backward search, where each pre-image computation consists of an efficient All-SAT procedure. The All-SAT procedure exploits a graph representation of the model to dynamically prune the search space, thus preventing unnecessary search in large sub-spaces, and for identifying independent sub-problems. Apart from the SAT mechanisms, BDD structures are used for storing the input to, and output of the pre-image computation. In this way, our hybrid approach enjoys the benefits of both worlds: on the one hand, basing the pre-image computation on SAT technology avoids expensive BDD quantification operations and the corresponding state space blow up. On the other hand, our model checking framework still enjoys the advantages of symbolic space reduction in holding intermediate images. Furthermore, our All-SAT analyzes the model and avoids redundant exploration of sub-spaces that are completely full with solutions, paying in these cases for the instantiation of a single assignment only. We implemented our algorithm using the zChaff SAT solver and the CUDD BDD library. Experimental results show a potential for substantial improvement over existing model checking schemes.