Panoptic empowerment and reflective conformity in enterprise systems-enabled organizations

  • Authors:
  • Michael B. Elmes;Diane M. Strong;Olga Volkoff

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Management, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, US;Department of Management, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, US;Department of Management, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, US

  • Venue:
  • Information and Organization
  • Year:
  • 2005

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Abstract

In this study of enterprise system (ES) use at a global manufacturing organization, we have taken an interpretive perspective and used a Glaserian grounded theory methodology to explore the ES-enabled changes in organizational control that emerged after system implementation. From our field data we identified two seemingly contradictory theoretical concepts: panoptic empowerment and reflective conformity. Panoptic empowerment refers to the greater visibility of information provided by the common shared database of an ES that empowers workers to do their work more efficiently and effectively, but which also makes them more visible to others throughout the organization who can then more easily exercise process and outcome control. Reflective conformity describes how the integrated nature of the ES with its embedded rules and procedures for organizational processes leads to greater employee discipline while simultaneously requiring them to be highly reflective as well in order to achieve organizational benefits from the ES. These concepts embody an understanding of organizational control that is rooted in a Foucauldian view of disciplinary power rather than a traditional perspective of mechanistic bureaucracy.