Optically enhanced position-locked power analysis

  • Authors:
  • Sergei Skorobogatov

  • Affiliations:
  • Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

  • Venue:
  • CHES'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
  • Year:
  • 2006

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Abstract

This paper introduces a refinement of the power-analysis attack on integrated circuits. By using a laser to illuminate a specific area on the chip surface, the current through an individual transistor can be made visible in the circuit’s power trace. The photovoltaic effect converts light into a current that flows through a closed transistor. This way, the contribution of a single transistor to the overall supply current can be modulated by light. Compared to normal power-analysis attacks, the semi-invasive position-locking technique presented here gives attackers not only access to Hamming weights, but to individual bits of processed data. This technique is demonstrated on the SRAM array of a PIC16F84 microcontroller and reveals both which memory locations are being accessed, as well as their contents.