The depth/breadth trade-off in the design of menu-driven user interfaces
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
The optimal number of menu options per panel
Human Factors
Proceedings of the Fourth Conference of the British Computer Society on People and computers IV
An empirical comparison of pie vs. linear menus
CHI '88 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A comparison of input devices in element pointing and dragging tasks
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The limits of expert performance using hierarchic marking menus
INTERCHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERCHI '93 conference on Human factors in computing systems
Split menus: effectively using selection frequency to organize menus
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
User learning and performance with marking menus
CHI '94 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The design and evaluation of marking menus
The design and evaluation of marking menus
Physical versus virtual pointing
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Cognitive modeling reveals menu search in both random and systematic
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
Beyond Fitts' law: models for trajectory-based HCI tasks
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
Item recognition in menu selection: the effect of practice
CHI '93 INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A comparison of rule-based and positionally constant arrangements of computer menu items
CHI '87 Proceedings of the SIGCHI/GI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems and Graphics Interface
Selection from alphabetic and numeric menu trees using a touch screen: breadth, depth, and width
CHI '85 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Drag-and-drop versus point-and-click mouse interaction styles for children
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Visual search and mouse-pointing in labeled versus unlabeled two-dimensional visual hierarchies
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
The Psychology of Menu Selection: Designing Cognitive Control at the Human/Computer Interface
The Psychology of Menu Selection: Designing Cognitive Control at the Human/Computer Interface
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
Analysis of Cursor Movements with a Mouse
HCI International '97 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction-Volume 1 - Volume I
CHI '82 Proceedings of the 1982 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
User perceptual mechanisms in the search of computer command menus
CHI '82 Proceedings of the 1982 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Considering the direction of cursor movement for efficient traversal of cascading menus
Proceedings of the 16th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Simple vs. compound mark hierarchical marking menus
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Modeling pointing at targets of arbitrary shapes
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A predictive model of menu performance
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Command strokes with and without preview: using pen gestures on keyboard for command selection
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
AAMU: adaptive activation area menus for improving selection in cascading pull-down menus
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The effects of menu parallelism on visual search and selection
AUIC '08 Proceedings of the ninth conference on Australasian user interface - Volume 76
Predicting the skilled use of hierarchical menus with the keystroke-level model
Human-Computer Interaction
Fitts' law as a research and design tool in human-computer interaction
Human-Computer Interaction
Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction
Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction
Beyond errors: measuring reliability for error-prone interaction devices
Behaviour & Information Technology
Supporting menu design with radial layouts
Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces
Navigation time variability: measuring menu navigation errors
INTERACT'11 Proceedings of the 13th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction - Volume Part I
INTERACT'11 Proceedings of the 13th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction - Volume Part IV
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This paper presents a design space for graphical menus. We model the design space as a set of design goals, a set of design characteristics, and connections between the two. The design goals are based on novice and expert behaviors. The connections link the choices for design characteristics with the positive or negative effects that these choices have on the design goals. The paper further synthesizes the design space into a succinct form of structured design recommendations. A case study demonstrates how these recommendations can be used to assess and compare the strengths and weaknesses of two menu designs.