Formatting space-related displays to optimize expert and nonexpert user performance
CHI '86 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The vocabulary problem in human-system communication
Communications of the ACM
A system for evaluating screen formats: Research and application
Advances in human-computer interaction
How does Fitts' law fit pointing and dragging?
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Extending Fitts' law to two-dimensional tasks
CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Fitts' law as a performance model in human-computer interaction
Fitts' law as a performance model in human-computer interaction
Perceptual-motor control in human-computer interaction
Perceptual-motor control in human-computer interaction
Split menus: effectively using selection frequency to organize menus
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
Designing visual interfaces: communication oriented techniques
Designing visual interfaces: communication oriented techniques
The essential guide to user interface design: an introduction to GUI design principles and techniques
Cognitive modeling reveals menu search in both random and systematic
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
Eye tracking the visual search of click-down menus
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Cognitive modeling demonstrates how people use anticipated location knowledge of menu items
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Navigation strategies with ecological displays
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
The Psychology of Menu Selection: Designing Cognitive Control at the Human/Computer Interface
The Psychology of Menu Selection: Designing Cognitive Control at the Human/Computer Interface
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
User perceptual mechanisms in the search of computer command menus
CHI '82 Proceedings of the 1982 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Computational models of the perceptual, cognitive, and motor processes involved in the visual search of pull-down menus and computer screens
Non-Designer's Web Book, The (3rd Edition) (Non-Designer's)
Non-Designer's Web Book, The (3rd Edition) (Non-Designer's)
ACT-R: a theory of higher level cognition and its relation to visual attention
Human-Computer Interaction
Ordered and quantum treemaps: Making effective use of 2D space to display hierarchies
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Cognitive strategies and eye movements for searching hierarchical computer displays
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Unintended effects: varying icon spacing changes users' visual search strategy
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special issue: Fitts law 50 years later: Applications and contributions from human-computer interaction
Using qualitative studies to improve the usability of an EMR
Journal of Biomedical Informatics - Special issue: Human-centered computing in health information systems. Part 1: Analysis and design
Proceedings of the 7th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
High-cost banner blindness: Ads increase perceived workload, hinder visual search, and are forgotten
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
The effects of semantic grouping on visual search
CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The effects of menu parallelism on visual search and selection
AUIC '08 Proceedings of the ninth conference on Australasian user interface - Volume 76
An investigation of dynamic landmarking functions
AVI '08 Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
Cognitive strategies for the visual search of hierarchical computer displays
Human-Computer Interaction
Human-Computer Interaction
Supporting menu design with radial layouts
Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces
The effect of aesthetically pleasing composition on visual search performance
Proceedings of the 6th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Extending Boundaries
Speed-accuracy trade-off in dwell-based eye pointing tasks at different cognitive levels
Proceedings of the 1st international workshop on pervasive eye tracking & mobile eye-based interaction
INTERACT'11 Proceedings of the 13th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction - Volume Part IV
Two-Part Models Capture the Impact of Gain on Pointing Performance
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Promoting Hotkey use through rehearsal with ExposeHK
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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An experiment investigates (1) how the physical structure of a computer screen layout affects visual search and (2) how people select a found target object with a mouse. Two structures are examined---labeled visual hierarchies (groups of objects with one label per group) and unlabeled visual hierarchies (groups without labels). Search and selection times were separated by imposing a point-completion deadline that discouraged participants from moving the mouse until they found the target. The observed search times indicate that labeled visual hierarchies can be searched much more efficiently than unlabeled visual hierarchies, and suggest that people use a fundamentally different strategy for each of the two structures. The results have implications for screen layout design and cognitive modeling of visual search. The observed mouse-pointing times suggest that people use a slower and more accurate speed-accuracy operating characteristic to select a target with a mouse when visual distractors are present, which suggests that Fitts' law coefficients derived from standard mouse-pointing experiments may under-predict mouse-pointing times for typical human-computer interactions. The observed mouse-pointing times also demonstrate that mouse movement times for a two-dimensional pointing task can be most-accurately predicted by setting the w in Fitts' law to the width of the target along the line of approach.