An empirical comparison of pie vs. linear menus
CHI '88 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Computer graphics: principles and practice (2nd ed.)
Computer graphics: principles and practice (2nd ed.)
Powermice and user performance
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Optimizing speed and accuracy of menu selection: a comparison of walking and pull-down menus
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
Split menus: effectively using selection frequency to organize menus
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Beyond Fitts' law: models for trajectory-based HCI tasks
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Force-feedback improves performance for steering and combined steering-targeting tasks
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Scale effects in steering law tasks
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The Psychology of Menu Selection: Designing Cognitive Control at the Human/Computer Interface
The Psychology of Menu Selection: Designing Cognitive Control at the Human/Computer Interface
Improving Mouse Navigation - A Walk through the "Hilly Screen Landscape"
DSV-IS '02 Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Interactive Systems. Design, Specification, and Verification
DIS '02 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, and techniques
Considering the direction of cursor movement for efficient traversal of cascading menus
Proceedings of the 16th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
A comparison of static, adaptive, and adaptable menus
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Feeling bumps and holes without a haptic interface: the perception of pseudo-haptic textures
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Semantic pointing: improving target acquisition with control-display ratio adaptation
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Improving menu interaction: a comparison of standard, force enhanced and jumping menus
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Measuring the difficulty of steering through corners
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Faster cascading menu selections with enlarged activation areas
GI '06 Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2006
Human on-line response to visual and motor target expansion
GI '06 Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2006
An evaluation of sticky and force enhanced targets in multi target situations
Proceedings of the 4th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: changing roles
Modeling steering within above-the-surface interaction layers
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A predictive model of menu performance
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Bubbling menus: a selective mechanism for accessing hierarchical drop-down menus
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Untangling the usability of fisheye menus
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
The re:search engine: simultaneous support for finding and re-finding
Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Simple pen interaction performance of young and older adults using handheld computers
Interacting with Computers
Improving eye cursor's stability for eye pointing tasks
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
AAMU: adaptive activation area menus for improving selection in cascading pull-down menus
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Genetic algorithm can optimize hierarchical menus
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Perceptibility and utility of sticky targets
GI '08 Proceedings of graphics interface 2008
Semantic pointing for object picking in complex 3D environments
GI '08 Proceedings of graphics interface 2008
Optimizing hierarchical menus by genetic algorithm and simulated annealing
Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
How people recall, recognize, and reuse search results
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Hover or tap?: supporting pen-based menu navigation for older adults
Proceedings of the 10th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Kinematic templates: end-user tools for content-relative cursor manipulations
Proceedings of the 21st annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Multimodal selection techniques for dense and occluded 3D virtual environments
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Exploring Methods to Improve Pen-Based Menu Selection for Younger and Older Adults
ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS)
IHM '07 Proceedings of the 19th International Conference of the Association Francophone d'Interaction Homme-Machine
Quinze ans de recherche sur les menus: critères et propriétés des techniques de menus
IHM '07 Proceedings of the 19th International Conference of the Association Francophone d'Interaction Homme-Machine
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services
A Model for Steering with Haptic-Force Guidance
INTERACT '09 Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part II
Perception of mechanically and optically simulated bumps and holes
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Performance evaluation of a genetic algorithm for optimizing hierarchical menus
CEC'09 Proceedings of the Eleventh conference on Congress on Evolutionary Computation
Why it's quick to be square: modelling new and existing hierarchical menu designs
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Optimization of menu layouts by means of genetic algorithms
EvoCOP'08 Proceedings of the 8th European conference on Evolutionary computation in combinatorial optimization
Supporting menu design with radial layouts
Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Effects of view, input device, and track width on video game driving
Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2011
Navigation time variability: measuring menu navigation errors
INTERACT'11 Proceedings of the 13th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction - Volume Part I
Slant menu: novel GUI widget with ergonomic design
CHI '12 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Revisiting peephole pointing: a study of target acquisition with a handheld projector
MobileHCI '12 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
Modeling the effect of force feedback for 3D steering tasks
EGVE - JVRC'11 Proceedings of the 17th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments & Third Joint Virtual Reality
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Exploring adverse effects of adaptive voice menu
CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
MenuOptimizer: interactive optimization of menu systems
Proceedings of the 26th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
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Selecting a menu item in a cascading pull-down menu is a frequent but time consuming and complex GUI task. This paper describes an approach aimed to support the user during selection in cascading pull-down menus when using an indirect pointing device. By enhancing such a cascading pull-down menu with "force fields", the cursor is attracted toward a certain direction, e.g. toward the right hand side within a menu item, which opens up a sub-menu, making the cursor steering task easier and faster. The experiment described here shows that the force fields can decrease selection times, on average by 18%, when a mouse, a track point, or touch pad is used as input device. The results also suggest that selection times in cascading pull-down menus can be modeled using a combination of Fitts' law and the steering law. The proposed model proved to hold for all three devices, in both standard and in enhanced cascading pull-down menus, with correlations better than r2=0.90.