Transition density, a stochastic measure of activity in digital circuits
DAC '91 Proceedings of the 28th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
Estimation of average switching activity in combinational and sequential circuits
DAC '92 Proceedings of the 29th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
Estimation of circuit activity considering signal correlations and simultaneous switching
ICCAD '94 Proceedings of the 1994 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Exact and approximate methods for calculating signal and transition probabilities in FSMs
DAC '94 Proceedings of the 31st annual Design Automation Conference
A power macromodeling technique based on power sensitivity
DAC '98 Proceedings of the 35th annual Design Automation Conference
ISLPED '98 Proceedings of the 1998 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Estimation of power sensitivity in sequential circuits with power macromodeling application
Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Peak power estimation using genetic spot optimization for large VLSI circuits
DATE '99 Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
A static power estimation methodolodgy for IP-based design
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
A static estimation technique of power sensitivity in logic circuits
Proceedings of the 38th annual Design Automation Conference
Power Models for Semi-autonomous RTL Macros
PATMOS '00 Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Integrated Circuit Design, Power and Timing Modeling, Optimization and Simulation
A Markov chain sequence generator for power macromodeling
Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
HyPE: hybrid power estimation for IP-based programmable systems
ASP-DAC '03 Proceedings of the 2003 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe: Proceedings
Bounds on FSM Switching Activity
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
Power estimation technique for DSP architectures
Digital Signal Processing
VSPEC constraints modeling and evaluation
ECBS'99 Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE conference on Engineering of computer-based systems
Efficient statistical approach to estimate power considering uncertain properties of primary inputs
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
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Power dissipation in CMOS circuits heavily depends on the signal properties of the primary inputs. Due to uncertainties in specification of such properties, the average power should be specified between a maximum and a minimum possible value. Due to the complex nature of the problem, it is practically impossible to use traditional power estimation techniques to determine such bounds. We present a novel approach to accurately estimate the maximum and minimum bounds for average power using a technique which calculates the sensitivities of average power dissipation to primary input signal properties. The sensitivities are calculated using a novel statistical technique and can be obtained as a by-product of average power estimation using a Monte Carlo based approach. The signal properties are specified in terms of signal probability (probability of a signal being logic ONE) and signal activity (probability of signal switching). Results show that the maximum and minimum average power dissipation can vary widely if the primary input probabilities and activities are not specified accurately.