An adaptive serial-parallel CAM architecture for low-power cache blocks

  • Authors:
  • Aristides Efthymiou;Jim D. Garside

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Manchester, Manchester, UK;University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

  • Venue:
  • Proceedings of the 2002 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
  • Year:
  • 2002

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Abstract

There is an on-going debate about which consumes less energy: a RAM-tagged associative cache with an intelligent order of accessing its tags and ways (e.g. way prediction), or a CAM-tagged high associativity cache. If a CAM search can consume less than twice the energy of reading a tag RAM, it would probably be the preferred option for low-power applications. Based on memory traces --- which usually cause tag mismatch within the lower four bits --- a new serial CAM organisation is proposed which consumes just 45% more than a single tag RAM read and is only 25% slower than the conventional, parallel CAM. Furthermore, it can optionally be operated as a parallel CAM, at no speed penalty, and still reduce energy consumption.