A learning agent for wireless news access
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
GeneyTM: designing a collaborative activity for the palmTM handheld computer
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Improving mobile internet usability
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on World Wide Web
A Case Study to Distill Structural Scaffolding Guidelines for Scaffolded Software Environments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
User web browsing characteristics using palm handhelds for information retrieval
IPCC/SIGDOC '00 Proceedings of IEEE professional communication society international professional communication conference and Proceedings of the 18th annual ACM international conference on Computer documentation: technology & teamwork
Scaffolding in the small: designing educational supports for concept mapping on handheld computers
CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Sorting Out Searching on Small Screen Devices
Mobile HCI '02 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction
Handheld Use in K-12: A Descriptive Account
WMTE '02 Proceedings IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education
Architectures for Computer Supported Collaborative Learning
ICALT '01 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies
ICALT '01 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies
Why scaffolding should sometimes make tasks more difficult for learners
CSCL '02 Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Support for Collaborative Learning: Foundations for a CSCL Community
Integrating Palm hand-held technology into the web-based inquiry science environment (WISE)
CSCL '02 Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Support for Collaborative Learning: Foundations for a CSCL Community
Using "Thinking Tags" with kindergarten children: a dental health simulation
CSCL '02 Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Support for Collaborative Learning: Foundations for a CSCL Community
Using handhelds to support collaborative learning
CSCL '02 Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Support for Collaborative Learning: Foundations for a CSCL Community
Using a handheld PC to collect and analyze observational data
Proceedings of the 21st annual international conference on Documentation
Design guidelines for learner-centered handheld tools
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Analyzing the efficacy of using digital ink devices in a learning environment
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Interaction Design and Children
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction
Augmenting paper-based learning with mobile phones
Interacting with Computers
HCI for m-learning in image processing by handhelds
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Human interface: Part II
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Our project explores the benefits and challenges of using handheld computers to support learners in creating concept maps (a type of visual outline). By synthesizing research on small user interfaces with guidelines for building desktop learning tools, we identified potential challenges to using handhelds for complex learning tasks and developed new design guidelines to address these issues. We applied these guidelines to the design of Pocket PiCoMap, a learner-centered concept mapping tool for handheld Pocket PCs. As part of a 9-month classroom study, students used both the handheld Pocket PiCoMap and a comparable desktop concept mapping tool called PiViT. The goal of this comparison between handheld and desktop tools was to better understand how the different form factors of these computers impact students' work processes and products. Our results suggest that students can successfully complete complex learning activities using handheld tools, and that specialized supports (called scaffolds) can be used to help students create better concept maps. This study also identifies several areas where handheld learning tools need further improvements, such as helping students organize their work within the confines of small handheld screens, and we discuss ways in which scaffolds might be used to improve future handheld learning tools.