CHI '86 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
OOPSLA '87 Conference proceedings on Object-oriented programming systems, languages and applications
A cookbook for using the model-view controller user interface paradigm in Smalltalk-80
Journal of Object-Oriented Programming
Pad: an alternative approach to the computer interface
SIGGRAPH '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Animation support in a user interface toolkit: flexible, robust, and reusable abstractions
UIST '93 Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Tcl and the Tk toolkit
The movable filter as a user interface tool
CHI '94 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Pad++: a zooming graphical interface for exploring alternate interface physics
UIST '94 Proceedings of the 7th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Blending structured graphics and layout
UIST '94 Proceedings of the 7th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Proceedings of the tenth annual conference on Object-oriented programming systems, languages, and applications
Pad++: a zoomable graphical interface system
CHI '95 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The Amulet Environment: New Models for Effective User Interface Software Development
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Implementing a zooming user interface: experience building Pad++
Software—Practice & Experience
Nested user interface components
Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Context and interaction in zoomable user interfaces
AVI '00 Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
Jazz: an extensible zoomable user interface graphics toolkit in Java
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
PhotoMesa: a zoomable image browser using quantum treemaps and bubblemaps
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Tabula rasa: a multiscale user interface system
Tabula rasa: a multiscale user interface system
DateLens: A fisheye calendar interface for PDAs
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Pocket PhotoMesa: a Zoomable image browser for PDAs
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Mobile and ubiquitous multimedia
AppLens and launchTile: two designs for one-handed thumb use on small devices
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
prefuse: a toolkit for interactive information visualization
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Understanding research trends in conferences using paperLens
CHI '05 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
EncCon: an approach to constructing interactive visualization of large hierarchical data
Information Visualization
An evaluation of integrated zooming and scrolling on small screens
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Child's play: a comparison of desktop and physical interactive environments
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Interaction design and children
Tool support for designing context-sensitive user interfaces using a model-based approach
TAMODIA '05 Proceedings of the 4th international workshop on Task models and diagrams
OrthoZoom scroller: 1D multi-scale navigation
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
ButterflyNet: a mobile capture and access system for field biology research
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
GUESS: a language and interface for graph exploration
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
IHM '06 Proceedings of the 18th International Conferenceof the Association Francophone d'Interaction Homme-Machine
Programming rich interactions using the hierarchical state machine toolkit
Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
Improving scalability and awareness in iconic interfaces for multiple-device environments
Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
A case study of tangible flags: a collaborative technology to enhance field trips
Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Interaction design and children
PRISAD: a partitioned rendering infrastructure for scalable accordion drawing (extended version)
Information Visualization
Two different interfaces to visualize patient histories on a PDA
Proceedings of the 8th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
Target size study for one-handed thumb use on small touchscreen devices
Proceedings of the 8th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
TreePlus: Interactive Exploration of Networks with Enhanced Tree Layouts
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Designing task visualizations to support the coordination of work in software development
CSCW '06 Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Software Design Patterns for Information Visualization
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Balancing Systematic and Flexible Exploration of Social Networks
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Network Visualization by Semantic Substrates
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
re-View: an IV toolkit for extracting and relating dynamic views
SAICSIT '06 Proceedings of the 2006 annual research conference of the South African institute of computer scientists and information technologists on IT research in developing countries
Working with pedagogical patterns in PACT: initial applications and observations
Proceedings of the 38th SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education
Designing a mobile user interface for automated species identification
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Touchstone: exploratory design of experiments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Dynamics of tilt-based browsing on mobile devices
CHI '07 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCHI conference on Creativity & cognition
Toward a Deeper Understanding of the Role of Interaction in Information Visualization
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
NetLens: iterative exploration of content-actor network data
Information Visualization
K-sketch: a 'kinetic' sketch pad for novice animators
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Aligning temporal data by sentinel events: discovering patterns in electronic health records
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
CiteSense: supporting sensemaking of research literature
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Employing patterns and layers for early-stage design and prototyping of cross-device user interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
CandidTree: visualizing structural uncertainty in similar hierarchies
Information Visualization
Exploring true multi-user multimodal interaction over a digital table
Proceedings of the 7th ACM conference on Designing interactive systems
SwingStates: adding state machines to Java and the Swing toolkit
Software—Practice & Experience
Representing unit test data for large scale software development
Proceedings of the 4th ACM symposium on Software visualization
Context Visualization for Visual Data Mining
Visual Data Mining
CartoonPlus: A New Scaling Algorithm for Genomics Data
ICCS '08 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Computational Science, Part III
VisGenome and Ensembl: Usability of Integrated Genome Maps
DILS '08 Proceedings of the 5th international workshop on Data Integration in the Life Sciences
Multi-fidelity User Interface Specifications
Interactive Systems. Design, Specification, and Verification
Graphic Rendering Considered as a Compilation Chain
Interactive Systems. Design, Specification, and Verification
Externalization Support of Key Phrase Channel in Presentation Preparation
KES '08 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Part II
Zoetrope: interacting with the ephemeral web
Proceedings of the 21st annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Theorizing mobility in community networks
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
A review of overview+detail, zooming, and focus+context interfaces
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Topology-aware navigation in large networks
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Structural analysis for the knowledge management domain
The New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia
Magnet Mail: A Visualization System for Email Information Retrieval
SG '09 Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Smart Graphics
Managing non-native widgets in model-based UI engineering
Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systems
A Zoomable User Interface for Presenting Hierarchical Diagrams on Large Screens
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part II: Novel Interaction Methods and Techniques
Silhouette: visual language for meaningful shape
Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGPLAN conference companion on Object oriented programming systems languages and applications
A web-based interface to design information visualization
Proceedings of the International Conference on Management of Emergent Digital EcoSystems
VisGenome with CartoonPlus: Supporting large scale genomic analyses via physical space deformation
Future Generation Computer Systems
Fitting a workflow model to captured development data
ESEM '09 Proceedings of the 2009 3rd International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement
Multimodal interaction with speech and physical touch interface in a media center application
Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computer Enterntainment Technology
IVIC '09 Proceedings of the 1st International Visual Informatics Conference on Visual Informatics: Bridging Research and Practice
Using Euler Diagrams in Traditional Library Environments
Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS)
Externalization support of key phrase channel in presentation preparation
Intelligent Decision Technologies
PyMT: a post-WIMP multi-touch user interface toolkit
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Interactive Tabletops and Surfaces
Making sense of archived e-mail: Exploring the Enron collection with NetLens
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
ZEUS: Zoomable Explorative User interface for Searching and object presentation
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Human interface: Part I
CandidTree: visualizing structural uncertainty in similar hierarchies
INTERACT'07 Proceedings of the 11th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction - Volume Part II
No Code Required: Giving Users Tools to Transform the Web
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iMapping: a zooming user interface approach for personal and semantic knowledge management
Proceedings of the 21st ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia
DaisyViz: A model-based user interface toolkit for interactive information visualization systems
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
Nimble cybersecurity incident management through visualization and defensible recommendations
Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Visualization for Cyber Security
PhotoMagnets: supporting flexible browsing and searching in photo collections
International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces and the Workshop on Machine Learning for Multimodal Interaction
LightTracker: An Open-Source Multitouch Toolkit
Computers in Entertainment (CIE) - Theoretical and Practical Computer Applications in Entertainment
Temporal distortion for animated transitions
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
XICE windowing toolkit: Seamless display annexation
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systems
Rapid development of user interfaces on cluster-driven wall displays with jBricks
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systems
BrainDump: an interface for visual information-gathering during web browsing sessions
i-KNOW '11 Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Technologies
Multimodal multi-device program guide for smart conferences
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services
Unifying events from multiple devices for interpreting user intentions through natural gestures
INTERACT'11 Proceedings of the 13th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction - Volume Part I
ActiveTheatre: a collaborative, event-based capture and access system for the operating theatre
UbiComp'05 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Ubiquitous Computing
Accessible speech-based and multimodal media center interface for users with physical disabilities
COST'09 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Development of Multimodal Interfaces: active Listening and Synchrony
Towards a unified system for digital film production
ICEC'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Entertainment Computing
Querying event sequences by exact match or similarity search: Design and empirical evaluation
Interacting with Computers
Privacy-aware shared UI toolkit for nomadic environments
Software—Practice & Experience
Interactive graph matching and visual comparison of graphs and clustered graphs
Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces
Interactive graphical design of 3d serious neurorehabilitation games
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Tisch digital tools supporting board games
Proceedings of the International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games
The CoMIRVA toolkit for visualizing music-related data
EUROVIS'07 Proceedings of the 9th Joint Eurographics / IEEE VGTC conference on Visualization
Dynamic insets for context-aware graph navigation
EuroVis'11 Proceedings of the 13th Eurographics / IEEE - VGTC conference on Visualization
HD-GraphViz: highly distributed graph visualization on tiled displays
Proceedings of the Eighth Indian Conference on Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing
Magnet Mail: A Visualization System for Emails
International Journal of Creative Interfaces and Computer Graphics
C4: a creative-coding API for media, interaction and animation
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Tangible, Embedded and Embodied Interaction
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
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In this paper, we analyze toolkit designs for building graphical applications with rich user interfaces, comparing polylithic and monolithic toolkit-based solutions. Polylithic toolkits encourage extension by composition and follow a design philosophy similar to 3D scene graphs supported by toolkits including Java3D and OpenInventor. Monolithic toolkits, on the other hand, encourage extension by inheritance, and are more akin to 2D Graphical User Interface toolkits such as Swing or MFC. We describe Jazz (a polylithic toolkit) and Piccolo (a monolithic toolkit), each of which we built to support interactive 2D structured graphics applications in general, and Zoomable User Interface applications in particular. We examine the trade offs of each approach in terms of performance, memory requirements, and programmability. We conclude that a polylithic approach is most suitable for toolkit builders, visual design software where code is automatically generated, and application builders where there is much customization of the toolkit. Correspondingly, we find that monolithic approaches appear to be best for application builders where there is not much customization of the toolkit.