Statistical semantics: analysis of the potential performance of keyword information systems
Human factors in computer systems
The vocabulary problem in human-system communication
Communications of the ACM
The immediate usability of graffiti
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Communications of the ACM
Usability for the Web: designing Web sites that work
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EdgeWrite: a stylus-based text entry method designed for high accuracy and stability of motion
Proceedings of the 16th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Comparing the immediate usability of graffiti 2 and virtual keyboard
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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BCS-HCI '13 Proceedings of the 27th International BCS Human Computer Interaction Conference
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
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Guessability is essential for symbolic input, in which users enter gestures or keywords to indicate characters or commands, or rely on labels or icons to access features. We present a unified approach to both maximizing and evaluating the guessability of symbolic input. This approach can be used by anyone wishing to design a symbol set with high guessability, or to evaluate the guessability of an existing symbol set. We also present formulae for quantifying guessability and agreement among guesses. An example is offered in which the guessability of the EdgeWrite unistroke alphabet was improved by users from 51.0% to 80.1% without designer intervention. The original and improved alphabets were then tested for their immediate usability with the procedure used by MacKenzie and Zhang (1997). Users entered the original alphabet with 78.8% and 90.2% accuracy after 1 and 5 minutes of learning, respectively. The improved alphabet bettered this to 81.6% and 94.2%. These improved results were competitive with prior results for Graffiti, which were 81.8% and 95.8% for the same measures.