Surround-screen projection-based virtual reality: the design and implementation of the CAVE
SIGGRAPH '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Cooperative virtual environments: lessons from 2D multi user interfaces
CSCW '96 Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
A distributed 3D graphics library
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The DiveBone—an application-level network architecture for Internet-based CVEs
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Distributed Open Inventor: a practical approach to distributed 3D graphics
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Inside MASSIVE-3: flexible support for data consistency and world structuring
Proceedings of the third international conference on Collaborative virtual environments
WireGL: a scalable graphics system for clusters
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
CAVERNsoft G2: a toolkit for high performance tele-immersive collaboration
VRST '00 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Interactive Multiuser VEs in the DIVE System
IEEE MultiMedia
NPSNET-V: A New Beginning for Dynamically Extensible Virtual Environments
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Avocado: A Distributed Virtual Reality Framework
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
An Extensible Event-based Infrastructure for Networked Virtual Worlds
VR '02 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality Conference 2002
An Open Middleware for Large-Scale Networked Virtual Environments
VR '02 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality Conference 2002
VR '03 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality 2003
The HyperVerse: concepts for a federated and Torrent-based '3D Web'
International Journal of Advanced Media and Communication
Networked Graphics: Building Networked Games and Virtual Environments
Networked Graphics: Building Networked Games and Virtual Environments
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Distributed scene graphs are important in virtual reality, both in collaborative virtual environments and in cluster rendering. In Myriad, individual scene graphs form a peer-to-peer network whose connections filter scene graph updates and create flexible relationships between scene graph nodes in the various peers. Modern scalable visualization systems often feature high intracluster throughput, but collaborative virtual environments (VEs) over a WAN share data at much lower rates, complicating the use of one scene graph system across the whole application. To avoid these difficulties, Myriad uses fine-grained sharing, whereby sharing properties of individual scene graph nodes can be dynamically changed from C++ and Python, and transient inconsistency, which relaxes resource requirements in collaborative VEs. A test application, WorldWideCrowd, implements these methods to demonstrate collaborative prototyping of a 300-avatar crowd animation viewed on two PC-cluster displays and edited on low-powered laptops, desktops, and even over a WAN.