The abstraction-link-view paradigm: using constraints to connect user interfaces to applications
CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
MASSIVE: a collaborative virtual environment for teleconferencing
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on virtual reality software and technology
A distributed 3D graphics library
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Modeling collaboration using shared objects
GROUP '99 Proceedings of the international ACM SIGGROUP conference on Supporting group work
GNU/MAVERIK: a micro-kernel for large-scale virtual environments
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Distributed Open Inventor: a practical approach to distributed 3D graphics
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Time, clocks, and the ordering of events in a distributed system
Communications of the ACM
Topology-reducing surface simplification using a discrete solid representation
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
SC '97 Proceedings of the 1997 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
A multi-thread safe foundation for scene graphs and its extension to clusters
EGPGV '02 Proceedings of the Fourth Eurographics Workshop on Parallel Graphics and Visualization
NPSNET-V: A New Beginning for Dynamically Extensible Virtual Environments
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Distributed Virtual Environments
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Virtual Reality Transfer Protocol (VRTP) Design Rationale
WET-ICE '97 Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Enabling Technologies on Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - special issue: IEEE virtual reality 2002 conference
Avocado: A Distributed Virtual Reality Framework
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
CORBA Platform as Support for Distributed Virtual Environments
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
Distributed Virtual Reality Using Octopus
VR '01 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality 2001 Conference (VR'01)
Applications of Temporal Links: Recording and Replaying Virtual Environments
VR '02 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality Conference 2002
Bamboo - A Portable System for Dynamically Extensible, Real-Time, Networked, Virtual Environments
VRAIS '98 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium
The General Variables Concept: A Simple Step from Single- to Multi-user Environment
IV '01 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Information Visualisation
blue-c: a spatially immersive display and 3D video portal for telepresence
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
SplitStream: high-bandwidth multicast in cooperative environments
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Toward a taxonomy of copresence
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
VELVET: an adaptive hybrid architecture for very large virtual environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
A head-mounted three dimensional display
AFIPS '68 (Fall, part I) Proceedings of the December 9-11, 1968, fall joint computer conference, part I
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We derive a complete component framework for transforming standalone virtual reality (VR) applications into full-fledged multithreaded collaborative virtual reality environments (CVREs), after characterizing existing implementations into a feature-rich superset. Our main contribution is placing over the existing VR tool a very concise and extensible class framework as an add-on component that provides emerging collaboration features. The enhancements include: a scalable arbitrated peer-to-peer topology for scene sharing; multi-threaded components for graphics rendering, user interaction and network communications; a streaming message protocol for client communications; a collaborative user interface model for session handling; and interchangeable user roles with multicamera perspectives, avatar awareness and shared 3D annotations. We validate the framework by converting the existing ALICE VR Navigator into complete CVRE, with experimental results showing good performance in the collaborative inspection and manipulation of complex models.