Reality built for two: a virtual reality tool
I3D '90 Proceedings of the 1990 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
The CAVE: audio visual experience automatic virtual environment
Communications of the ACM
Evaluating 3D task performance for fish tank virtual worlds
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
VR '00 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality 2000 Conference
Designing and Building the PIT: a Head-Tracked Stereo Workspace for Two Users
Designing and Building the PIT: a Head-Tracked Stereo Workspace for Two Users
Comparing CAVE, Wall, and Desktop Displays for Navigation and Wayfinding in Complex 3D Models
CGI '04 Proceedings of the Computer Graphics International
Multi-Viewpoint Images for Multi-User Interaction
VR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Conference 2005 on Virtual Reality
Proceedings of the 14th IEEE Visualization 2003 (VIS'03)
The proximity factor: impact of distance on co-located collaboration
GROUP '05 Proceedings of the 2005 international ACM SIGGROUP conference on Supporting group work
APGV '06 Proceedings of the 3rd symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization
GI '06 Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2006
Physically large displays improve performance on spatial tasks
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Move to improve: promoting physical navigation to increase user performance with large displays
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A head-mounted three dimensional display
AFIPS '68 (Fall, part I) Proceedings of the December 9-11, 1968, fall joint computer conference, part I
Image Blending and View Clustering for Multi-Viewer Immersive Projection Environments
VR '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Virtual Reality Conference
C1x6: a stereoscopic six-user display for co-located collaboration in shared virtual environments
Proceedings of the 2011 SIGGRAPH Asia Conference
Screenfinity: extending the perception area of content on very large public displays
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interacting with microseismic visualizations
CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Whale Tank Virtual Reality (VR) is a novel head-coupled VR technique for collocated collaboration. It allows multiple users to observe a 3D scene from the correct perspective through their own personal viewport into the virtual scene and to interact with the scene on a large touch screen display. There are two primary benefits to Whale Tank VR: 1) Head coupling allows a user to experience the sense of a third dimension and to observe difficult-to-see objects without requiring navigation beyond natural head movement. 2) Multiple viewports enable collocated collaboration by seamlessly adjusting the head-coupled perspectives in each viewport according to the proximity of collaborators to ensure a consistent display at all times. One potential disadvantage that we had to consider was that head-coupling might reduce awareness of a collocated coworker's actions in the 3D scene. We therefore conducted an experiment to study the influence of head coupling on users' awareness-and-recall of actions in a simulated collaborative situation for several levels of task difficulty. Results revealed no statistically significant difference in awareness-and-recall performance with or without the presence of head coupling. This suggests that in situations where head coupling is employed, there is no degradation in users' awareness of collocated activity.