A muscle model for animation three-dimensional facial expression
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Facial image synthesis using skin texture recording
The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics - Special issue on computer animation 1989/90
A plastic-visco-elastic model for wrinkles in facial animation and skin aging
Pacific Graphics '94 Proceedings of the second Pacific conference on Fundamentals of computer graphics
Real-time Photo-Realistic Physically Based Rendering of Fine Scale Human Skin Structure
Proceedings of the 12th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering Techniques
Real-Time Physically-Based Facial Expression Animation Using Mass-Spring System
CGI '01 Computer Graphics International 2001
Simulation of Static and Dynamic Wrinkles of Skin
CA '96 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
SIGGRAPH '81 Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A Simple Method for Modeling Wrinkles on Human Skin
PG '02 Proceedings of the 10th Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications
A structural model of the human face (graphics, animation, object representation)
A structural model of the human face (graphics, animation, object representation)
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
CGI '05 Proceedings of the Computer Graphics International 2005
2D and 3D face recognition: A survey
Pattern Recognition Letters
Modeling Expressive Wrinkles of Face For Animation
ICIG '07 Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Image and Graphics
ICIG '07 Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Image and Graphics
An art-directed wrinkle system for CG character clothing and skin
Graphical Models
Technical section: Fast energy-based surface wrinkle modeling
Computers and Graphics
Technical section: A kinematic-variational model for animating skin with wrinkles
Computers and Graphics
Anatomy-based face reconstruction for animation using multi-layer deformation
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
A computational skin model: fold and wrinkle formation
IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine
| Hi-index | 0.00 |
Realistic wrinkles are extremely important for enhancing the realism of three-dimensional (3D) virtual face models. This paper proposes an approach for generating realistic wrinkle on a 3D face model based on a face image. It includes image preprocessing, automatically extracting wrinkle curves and generating wrinkles on a 3D surface. For image preprocessing, we use a linear transform method to conduct a grayscale conversion. We then use a transfinite-pixel neighborhood averaging method to reduce the noise, and a high pass filter to sharpen the image. For the automatic extraction of wrinkle curves, an improved Canny edge detector is employed. For wrinkle generation on a 3D surface, a number of novel techniques are employed. Some feature points are firstly defined both on the face image and on the 3D face model. By aligning these feature points, the extracted wrinkle curves are then projected onto the 3D face model. Finally, three shape control functions are used to produce more realistic properties of the 3D wrinkles. They are the proposed cross-section shape control function (CSCF) to determine the cross-section shape and size, the depth attenuation function (DAF) and the width attenuation function (WAF) to control the depth and width amplitude variations of the wrinkles, respectively. For better results, an adaptive subdivision is applied to the predefined influence region to adjust the resolution around the wrinkle mesh. The experiment results of applying this method to individualized 3D human models demonstrate the ability of our method to generate more natural wrinkles.