Coevolution of neural networks using a layered pareto archive
Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Compositional pattern producing networks: A novel abstraction of development
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
Proceedings of the 9th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation
A novel generative encoding for exploiting neural network sensor and output geometry
Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Generating large-scale neural networks through discovering geometric regularities
Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Proceedings of the 10th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Neuro-evolution for a gathering and collective construction task
Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Modular neuroevolution for multilegged locomotion
Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Evolving neural networks for fractured domains
Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Evolving strategy for a probabilistic game of imperfect information using genetic programming
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
Grammar-Guided Neural Architecture Evolution
IWINAC '07 Proceedings of the 2nd international work-conference on The Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation, Part I: Bio-inspired Modeling of Cognitive Tasks
Evolving Game NPCs Based on Concurrent Evolutionary Neural Networks
Edutainment '08 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Technologies for E-Learning and Digital Entertainment
Evolving Neural Networks for Online Reinforcement Learning
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature: PPSN X
Synthesizing neural networks for learning in games
Future Play '08 Proceedings of the 2008 Conference on Future Play: Research, Play, Share
Swarming for Games: Immersion in Complex Systems
EvoWorkshops '09 Proceedings of the EvoWorkshops 2009 on Applications of Evolutionary Computing: EvoCOMNET, EvoENVIRONMENT, EvoFIN, EvoGAMES, EvoHOT, EvoIASP, EvoINTERACTION, EvoMUSART, EvoNUM, EvoSTOC, EvoTRANSLOG
Evolving Teams of Cooperating Agents for Real-Time Strategy Game
EvoWorkshops '09 Proceedings of the EvoWorkshops 2009 on Applications of Evolutionary Computing: EvoCOMNET, EvoENVIRONMENT, EvoFIN, EvoGAMES, EvoHOT, EvoIASP, EvoINTERACTION, EvoMUSART, EvoNUM, EvoSTOC, EvoTRANSLOG
Learning Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance for a Robot Arm Using Neuroevolution
Neural Processing Letters
Evolving competitive car controllers for racing games with neuroevolution
Proceedings of the 11th Annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference Companion on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference: Late Breaking Papers
Real-time evolution of neural networks in the NERO video game
AAAI'06 proceedings of the 21st national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
Real-time interactive learning in the NERO video game
AAAI'06 proceedings of the 21st national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
Intelligent Tutoring Games with Agent Modeling
IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Machine learning in digital games: a survey
Artificial Intelligence Review
Acquiring visibly intelligent behavior with example-guided neuroevolution
AAAI'07 Proceedings of the 22nd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
On model design for simulation of collective intelligence
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Interactive evolution of particle systems for computer graphics and animation
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Genetic team composition and level of selection in the evolution of cooperation
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Machine learning for event selection in high energy physics
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Advances in Games Technology: Software, Models, and Intelligence
Simulation and Gaming
Evolutionary generative process for an artificial creature's personality
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews
Retaining the lessons from past for better performance in a dynamic multiple task environment
CEC'09 Proceedings of the Eleventh conference on Congress on Evolutionary Computation
On-line neuroevolution applied to the open racing car simulator
CEC'09 Proceedings of the Eleventh conference on Congress on Evolutionary Computation
CIG'09 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computational Intelligence and Games
Coevolutionary temporal difference learning for Othello
CIG'09 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computational Intelligence and Games
Evolving content in the galactic arms race video game
CIG'09 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computational Intelligence and Games
Controller for TORCS created by imitation
CIG'09 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computational Intelligence and Games
Collective specialization for evolutionary design of a multi-robot system
SAB'06 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Swarm robotics
Neuro-evolution methods for designing emergent specialization
ECAL'07 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Advances in artificial life
Galactic Arms Race: an experiment in evolving video game content
ACM SIGEVOlution
ICONIP'08 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Advances in neuro-information processing - Volume Part I
Revising the evolutionary computation abstraction: minimal criteria novelty search
Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Neuroevolution of mobile ad hoc networks
Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Emergence of competitive and cooperative behavior using coevolution
Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Proceedings of the 12th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Using training regimens to teach expanding function approximators
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems: volume 1 - Volume 1
Evolving Static Representations for Task Transfer
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Web-based multi-agent system architecture in a dynamic environment
International Journal of Knowledge-based and Intelligent Engineering Systems
Evolving plastic neural networks with novelty search
Adaptive Behavior - Animals, Animats, Software Agents, Robots, Adaptive Systems
Multi-agent role allocation: issues, approaches, and multiple perspectives
Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems
A periphery of Pogamut: from bots to agents and back again
Agents for games and simulations II
ICONIP'06 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Neural information processing - Volume Part III
Abandoning objectives: Evolution through the search for novelty alone
Evolutionary Computation
Human-assisted neuroevolution through shaping, advice and examples
Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Proceedings of the 13th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Design of emergent and adaptive virtual players in a war RTS game
IWINAC'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Interplay between natural and artificial computation - Volume Part I
Trust of, in, and among adaptive systems
FOCS'10 Proceedings of the 16th Monterey conference on Foundations of computer software: modeling, development, and verification of adaptive systems
Neuroevolution with manifold learning for playing Mario
International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation
Evolving small-board Go players using coevolutionary temporal difference learning with archives
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Evolving third-person shooter enemies to optimize player satisfaction in real-time
EvoApplications'12 Proceedings of the 2012t European conference on Applications of Evolutionary Computation
Breast cancer detection using cartesian genetic programming evolved artificial neural networks
Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Proceedings of the 14th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Multiagent learning through neuroevolution
WCCI'12 Proceedings of the 2012 World Congress conference on Advances in Computational Intelligence
Neuroevolution based multi-agent system for micromanagement in real-time strategy games
Proceedings of the Fifth Balkan Conference in Informatics
Evolving team behaviors with specialization
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
A comparison between different encoding strategies for snake-like robot controllers
EvoApplications'13 Proceedings of the 16th European conference on Applications of Evolutionary Computation
Effective diversity maintenance in deceptive domains
Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Evolving multimodal controllers with HyperNEAT
Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Proceedings of the 15th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Evolving spiking networks with variable resistive memories
Evolutionary Computation
Artificial Intelligence: From programs to solvers
AI Communications - ECAI 2012 Turing and Anniversary Track
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In most modern video games, character behavior is scripted; no matter how many times the player exploits a weakness, that weakness is never repaired. Yet, if game characters could learn through interacting with the player, behavior could improve as the game is played, keeping it interesting. This paper introduces the real-time Neuroevolution of Augmenting Topologies (rtNEAT) method for evolving increasingly complex artificial neural networks in real time, as a game is being played. The rtNEAT method allows agents to change and improve during the game. In fact, rtNEAT makes possible an entirely new genre of video games in which the player trains a team of agents through a series of customized exercises. To demonstrate this concept, the Neuroevolving Robotic Operatives (NERO) game was built based on rtNEAT. In NERO, the player trains a team of virtual robots for combat against other players' teams. This paper describes results from this novel application of machine learning, and demonstrates that rtNEAT makes possible video games like NERO where agents evolve and adapt in real time. In the future, rtNEAT may allow new kinds of educational and training applications through interactive and adapting games.