A survey of three dialogue models
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Integrating gesture and snapping into a user interface toolkit
UIST '90 Proceedings of the 3rd annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User interface software and technology
Stylus user interfaces for manipulating text
UIST '91 Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Prediction and conversational momentum in an augmentative communication system
Communications of the ACM
Probabilistic state machines: dialog management for inputs with uncertainty
UIST '92 Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Feedback strategies for error correction in speech recognition systems
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
Modeling error recovery and repair in automatic speech recognition
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
Putting people first: specifying proper names in speech interfaces
UIST '94 Proceedings of the 7th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Interactive sketching for the early stages of user interface design
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A generic platform for addressing the multimodal challenge
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Reusable hierarchical command objects
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Extending an existing user interface toolkit to support gesture recognition
CHI '93 INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interactive beautification: a technique for rapid geometric design
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Systematic output modification in a 2D user interface toolkit
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Supporting dynamic downloadable appearances in an extensible user interface toolkit
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
A negotiation architecture for fluid documents
Proceedings of the 11th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Implications for a gesture design tool
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Principles of mixed-initiative user interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The context toolkit: aiding the development of context-enabled applications
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Model-based and empirical evaluation of multimodal interactive error correction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
INTERACT '90 Proceedings of the IFIP TC13 Third Interational Conference on Human-Computer Interaction
Confirmation in multimodal systems
COLING '98 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 2
Charting past, present, and future research in ubiquitous computing
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on human-computer interaction in the new millennium, Part 1
Human factors issues in the neural signals direct brain-computer interfaces
Assets '00 Proceedings of the fourth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Interaction techniques for ambiguity resolution in recognition-based interfaces
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
SATIN: a toolkit for informal ink-based applications
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Multimodal error correction for speech user interfaces
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Voice over Workplace (VoWP): voice navigation in a complex business GUI
Proceedings of the fifth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
User Interfaces for On-Line Diagram Recognition
GREC '01 Selected Papers from the Fourth International Workshop on Graphics Recognition Algorithms and Applications
UbiComp '01 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Ubiquitous Computing
A context-aware infrastructure for supporting applications with pen-based interaction
Journal of Computer Science and Technology
Theoretical and architectural support for input device adaptation
CUU '03 Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Universal usability
Resolving ambiguities of a gaze and speech interface
Proceedings of the 2004 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Journal of Systems and Software - Special issue: Ubiquitous computing
Papier-Mache: toolkit support for tangible input
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Presiding over accidents: system direction of human action
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The Input Configurator toolkit: towards high input adaptability in interactive applications
Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
Support for input adaptability in the ICON toolkit
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Extensible input handling in the subArctic toolkit
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interaction techniques for ambiguity resolution in recognition-based interfaces
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
SATIN: a toolkit for informal ink-based applications
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
Resolving ambiguities to create a natural computer-based sketching environment
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
Crossmodal error correction of continuous handwriting recognition by speech
Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Signal Processing - Special section: Multimodal human-computer interfaces
Interaction techniques for ambiguity resolution in recognition-based interfaces
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses
SATIN: a toolkit for informal ink-based applications
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses
Resolving ambiguities to create a natural computer-based sketching environment
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses
SketchWizard: Wizard of Oz prototyping of pen-based user interfaces
Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Multimodal interaction systems: information and time features
International Journal of Web and Grid Services
Designing a sketch recognition front-end: user perception of interface elements
SBIM '07 Proceedings of the 4th Eurographics workshop on Sketch-based interfaces and modeling
Human-Computer Interaction
The RavenClaw dialog management framework: Architecture and systems
Computer Speech and Language
GestureBar: improving the approachability of gesture-based interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A toolkit approach to sketched diagram recognition
BCS-HCI '07 Proceedings of the 21st British HCI Group Annual Conference on People and Computers: HCI...but not as we know it - Volume 1
MundoMonkey: customizing interaction with web applications in interactive spaces
Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systems
A natural, tiered and executable UIDL for 3D user interfaces based on Concept-Oriented Design
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Resolving ambiguities to create a natural computer-based sketching environment
IJCAI'01 Proceedings of the 17th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
Estimating residual error rate in recognized handwritten documents using artificial error injection
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A 3D sketching interacting tool for physical simulation based on web
HCI'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Human-computer interaction: interaction platforms and techniques
End user tools for ambient intelligence environments: an overview
HCI'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Human-computer interaction: interaction platforms and techniques
Software architecture for multimodal user input - FLUID
ERCIM'02 Proceedings of the User interfaces for all 7th international conference on Universal access: theoretical perspectives, practice, and experience
A framework for robust and flexible handling of inputs with uncertainty
UIST '10 Proceedings of the 23nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Towards a unified framework for modeling, dispatching, and interpreting uncertain input
UIST '10 Adjunct proceedings of the 23nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Inkus: a freehand method of creating business process models
Proceedings of the Seventh Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling Symposium
Monte carlo methods for managing interactive state, action and feedback under uncertainty
Proceedings of the 24th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Solving ambiguities for sketch-based interaction in mobile environments
OTM'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: AWeSOMe, CAMS, COMINF, IS, KSinBIT, MIOS-CIAO, MONET - Volume Part I
Proton: multitouch gestures as regular expressions
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Sketch-editing games: human-machine communication, game theory and applications
Proceedings of the 25th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Automatic learning of symbol descriptions avoiding topological ambiguities
SBM'06 Proceedings of the Third Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Multimodal retrieval with relevance feedback based on genetic programming
Multimedia Tools and Applications
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Interfaces based on recognition technologies are used extensively in both the commercial and research worlds. But recognizers are still error-prone, and this results in human performance problems, brittle dialogues, and other barriers to acceptance and utility of recognition systems. Interface techniques specialized to recognition systems can help reduce the burden of recognition errors, but building these interfaces depends on knowledge about the ambiguity inherent in recognition. We have extended a user interface toolkit in order to model and to provide structured support for ambiguity at the input event level. This makes it possible to build re-usable interface components for resolving ambiguity and dealing with recognition errors. These interfaces can help to reduce the negative effects of recognition errors. By providing these components at a toolkit level, we make it easier for application writers to provide good support for error handling. Further, with this robust support, we are able to explore new types of interfaces for resolving a more varied range of ambiguity.