How does Fitts' law fit pointing and dragging?
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The use of eye movements in human-computer interaction techniques: what you look at is what you get
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS) - Special issue on computer—human interaction
Movement time prediction in human-computer interfaces
Proceedings of the conference on Graphics interface '92
The effect of reducing homing time on the speed of a finger-controlled isometric pointing device
CHI '94 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Movement time prediction in human-computer interfaces
Human-computer interaction
An evaluation of an eye tracker as a device for computer input2
CHI '87 Proceedings of the SIGCHI/GI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems and Graphics Interface
Testing pointing device performance and user assessment with the ISO 9241, Part 9 standard
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Manual and gaze input cascaded (MAGIC) pointing
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Inferring intent in eye-based interfaces: tracing eye movements with process models
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interacting with eye movements in virtual environments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Intelligent gaze-added interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Evaluation of eye gaze interaction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Human factors issues in the neural signals direct brain-computer interfaces
Assets '00 Proceedings of the fourth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Accuracy measures for evaluating computer pointing devices
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Application of Fitts' law to eye gaze interaction
CHI '00 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
What's in the eyes for attentive input
Communications of the ACM
Refining Fitts' law models for bivariate pointing
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Pupil size variation as an indication of affective processing
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Application of affective computing in human—Computer interaction
Emotions and heart rate while sitting on a chair
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Detection of electromyographic signals from facial muscles with neural networks
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Real-time estimation of emotional experiences from facial expressions
Interacting with Computers
Eye-S: a full-screen input modality for pure eye-based communication
Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Recognizing the effects of voluntary facial activations using heart rate patterns
ICCOMP'07 Proceedings of the 11th WSEAS International Conference on Computers
Improving eye cursor's stability for eye pointing tasks
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Gaze beats mouse: hands-free selection by combining gaze and emg
CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Facial Activation Control Effect (FACE)
ACII '07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
Learning to interact with a computer by gaze
Behaviour & Information Technology - Work with Computing Systems WWCS 2007, Stockholm
Low-cost gaze pointing and EMG clicking
CHI '09 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Low-cost gaze interaction: ready to deliver the promises
CHI '09 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Constant false alarm rate detection of saccadic eye movements in electro-oculography
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
Modeling dwell-based eye pointing target acquisition
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Object selection in gaze controlled systems: What you don't look at is what you get
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Human-centered visualization environments
Human-centered visualization environments
Speed-accuracy trade-off in dwell-based eye pointing tasks at different cognitive levels
Proceedings of the 1st international workshop on pervasive eye tracking & mobile eye-based interaction
The effect of clicking by smiling on the accuracy of head-mounted gaze tracking
Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications
Comparison of video-based pointing and selection techniques for hands-free text entry
Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces
Enhanced gaze interaction using simple head gestures
Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing
Text entry by gazing and smiling
Advances in Human-Computer Interaction
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The present aim was to study a new technique for human--computer interaction. It combined the use of two modalities, voluntary gaze direction and voluntary facial muscle activation for object pointing and selection. Fourteen subjects performed a series of pointing tasks with the new technique and with a mouse. At short distances the mouse was significantly faster than the new technique. However, there were no statistically significant differences at medium and long distances between the techniques. Fitts' law analyses were performed both by using only error-free trials and using also data including error trials (i.e., effective target width). In all cases both techniques seemed to follow Fitts' law, although for the new technique the effective target width correlation coefficient was smaller R = 0.776 than for the mouse R = 0.991. The regression slopes suggested that at very long distances (i.e., beyond 800 pixels) the new technique might be faster than the mouse. The new technique showed promising results already after a short practice and in the future it could be useful especially for physically challenged persons.