Lag as a determinant of human performance in interactive systems
CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Reaching for objects in VR displays: lag and frame rate
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Coping with inconsistency due to network delays in collaborative virtual environments
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
An experimental study on the role of touch in shared virtual environments
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on human-computer interaction and collaborative virtual environments
Supporting presence in collaborative environments by haptic force feedback
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on human-computer interaction and collaborative virtual environments
Collaborative stretcher carrying: a case study
EGVE '02 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2002
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
Effects of Network Characteristics on Human Performance in a Collaborative Virtual Environment
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
Transatlantic touch: a study of haptic collaboration over long distance
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: Advances in collaborative virtual environments
Effects of network delay on a collaborative motor task with telehaptic and televisual feedback
VRCAI '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH international conference on Virtual Reality continuum and its applications in industry
Using Collaborative Haptics in Remote Surgical Training
WHC '05 Proceedings of the First Joint Eurohaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems
Dynamic Primitive Caching for Haptic Rendering of Large-Scale Models
WHC '05 Proceedings of the First Joint Eurohaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems
Delayed Visual and Haptic Feedback in a Reciprocal Tapping Task
WHC '05 Proceedings of the First Joint Eurohaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems
Investigations into Performance of Minimally Invasive Telesurgery with Feedback Time Delays
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Virtual interpersonal touch: Haptic interaction and copresence in collaborative virtual environments
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Virtual interpersonal touch: expressing and recognizing emotions through haptic devices
Human-Computer Interaction
Engineering of Software-Intensive Systems: State of the Art and Research Challenges
Software-Intensive Systems and New Computing Paradigms
Lazy scheduling of processing and transmission tasks in collaborative systems
Proceedings of the ACM 2009 international conference on Supporting group work
The effects of network delay on task performance in a visual-haptic collaborative environment
Proceedings of the 47th Annual Southeast Regional Conference
TimeCapsule: secure recording of accesses to a protected datastore
Proceedings of the 1st ACM workshop on Virtual machine security
Physically based collaborative simulations under ring-like network configurations
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications - Special issue on non-photorealistic rendering a virtual environment for teaching social skills
Networked Graphics: Building Networked Games and Virtual Environments
Networked Graphics: Building Networked Games and Virtual Environments
DNS prefetching and its privacy implications: when good things go bad
LEET'10 Proceedings of the 3rd USENIX conference on Large-scale exploits and emergent threats: botnets, spyware, worms, and more
Trail of bytes: efficient support for forensic analysis
Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
The human factors of consistency maintenance in multiplayer computer games
Proceedings of the 16th ACM international conference on Supporting group work
The influence of different haptic environments on time delay discrimination in force feedback
EuroHaptics'10 Proceedings of the 2010 international conference on Haptics: generating and perceiving tangible sensations, Part I
Scheduling in variable-core collaborative systems
Proceedings of the ACM 2011 conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Designing tactile feedback for piezo buttons
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Evaluating CRDTs for real-time document editing
Proceedings of the 11th ACM symposium on Document engineering
Proceedings of the ACM 2012 conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work
Towards self-optimizing collaborative systems
Proceedings of the ACM 2012 conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work
Optimizing client assignment for enhancing interactivity in distributed interactive applications
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Human perception of haptic-to-video and haptic-to-audio skew in multimedia applications
ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMCCAP)
3D Virtual worlds and the metaverse: Current status and future possibilities
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Brief announcement: on minimum interaction time for continuous distributed interactive computing
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computing
Online Client Assignment in Dynamic Real-Time Distributed Interactive Applications
DS-RT '13 Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE/ACM 17th International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications
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Collaborative virtual environments (CVEs) enable two or more people, separated in the real world, to share the same virtual “space.” They can be used for many purposes, from teleconferencing to training people to perform assembly tasks. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of CVEs is compromised by one major problem: the delay that exists in the networks linking users together. Whilst we have a good understanding, especially in the visual modality, of how users are affected by delayed feedback from their own actions, little research has systematically examined how users are affected by delayed feedback from other people, particularly in environments that support haptic (force) feedback. The current study addresses this issue by quantifying how increasing levels of latency affect visual and haptic feedback in a collaborative target acquisition task. Our results demonstrate that haptic feedback in particular is very sensitive to low levels of delay. Whilst latency affects visual feedback from 50 ms, it impacts on haptic task performance 25 ms earlier, and causes the haptic measures of performance deterioration to rise far more steeply than visual. The “impact-perceive-adapt” model of user performance, which considers the interaction between performance measures, perception of latency, and the breakdown of perception of immediate causality, is proposed as an explanation for the observed pattern of performance.