An Empirical Examination of the Concern for Information Privacy Instrument
Information Systems Research
Beyond concern: a privacy-trust-behavioral intention model of electronic commerce
Information and Management
Internet Users' Information Privacy Concerns (IUIPC): The Construct, the Scale, and a Causal Model
Information Systems Research
Privacy in e-commerce: stated preferences vs. actual behavior
Communications of the ACM - Transforming China
Predicting user concerns about online privacy
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
An Extended Privacy Calculus Model for E-Commerce Transactions
Information Systems Research
Internet Privacy Concerns and Social Awareness as Determinants of Intention to Transact
International Journal of Electronic Commerce
Revisiting the role of web assurance seals in business-to-consumer electronic commerce
Decision Support Systems
Internet privacy concerns and beliefs about government surveillance - An empirical investigation
The Journal of Strategic Information Systems
An Analysis of Diversity in Electronic Commerce Research
International Journal of Electronic Commerce
Overcoming Online Information Privacy Concerns: An Information-Processing Theory Approach
Journal of Management Information Systems
Journal of Management Information Systems
Mobile commerce adoption in China and the United States: a cross-cultural study
ACM SIGMIS Database
Knowing your customers: Using a reciprocal relationship to enhance voluntary information disclosure
Decision Support Systems
The Role of Push-Pull Technology in Privacy Calculus: The Case of Location-Based Services
Journal of Management Information Systems
Computers in Human Behavior
Customer Information Sharing with E-Vendors: The Roles of Incentives and Trust
International Journal of Electronic Commerce
International Journal of Electronic Commerce
Electronic Commerce Research and Applications
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To study the formation of online consumers' information privacy concern and its effect, scholars from different perspectives applied multiple theories in research. To date, there has yet to be a systematic review and integration of the theories in literature. To fill the gap, this study reviews fifteen established theories in online information privacy research and recognizes the primary contributions and connections of the theories. Based on the review, an integrated framework is developed for further research. The framework highlights two interrelated trade-offs that influence an individual's information disclosure behavior: the privacy calculus (i.e., the trade-off between expected benefits and privacy risks) and the risk calculus (i.e., the trade-off between privacy risks and efficacy of coping mechanisms). These two trade-offs are together called the dual-calculus model. A decision table based on the dual-calculus model is provided to predict an individual's intention to disclose personal information online. Implications of the study for further research and practice are discussed.