Anthropomorphism: from Eliza to Terminator 2
CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Communicative facial displays as a new conversational modality
CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The role of emotion in believable agents
Communications of the ACM
CHI '94 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Situated facial displays: towards social interaction
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A methodology for building believable social agents
AGENTS '97 Proceedings of the first international conference on Autonomous agents
“Social” human-computer interaction
Human values and the design of computer technology
Interface agents: metaphors with character
Human values and the design of computer technology
More than just a pretty face: affordances of embodiment
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Embodied conversational interface agents
Communications of the ACM
Robots: Fact, Fiction, and Prediction
Robots: Fact, Fiction, and Prediction
Human-Computer Interaction
The Hug: a new form for communication
Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Designing for user experiences
The advisor robot: tracing people's mental model from a robot's physical attributes
Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI/SIGART conference on Human-robot interaction
The art of designing robot faces: dimensions for human-robot interaction
Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI/SIGART conference on Human-robot interaction
Exploring the design space of robots: Children's perspectives
Interacting with Computers
The Uncanny Valley: Effect of Realism on the Impression of Artificial Human Faces
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Easy doesn't do it: skill and expression in tangible aesthetics
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
How interface agents affect interaction between humans and computers
DPPI '07 Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Designing pleasurable products and interfaces
Theory of mind (ToM) on robots: a functional neuroimaging study
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM/IEEE international conference on Human robot interaction
"Seeing like a rover": embodied experience on the mars exploration rover mission
CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Sensitivity to the proportions of faces that vary in human likeness
Computers in Human Behavior
Whose job is it anyway? a study of human-robot interaction in a collaborative task
Human-Computer Interaction
The snackbot: documenting the design of a robot for long-term human-robot interaction
Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human robot interaction
Comics, robots, fashion and programming: outlining the concept of actDresses
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Tangible and Embedded Interaction
Anthropomorphic Systems: An Approach for Categorization
IDGD '09 Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Internationalization, Design and Global Development: Held as Part of HCI International 2009
Judging a bot by its cover: an experiment on expectation setting for personal robots
Proceedings of the 5th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
Toward the body image horizon: how do users recognize the body of a robot?
Proceedings of the 5th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
Human social response toward humanoid robot's head and facial features
CHI '10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The look, the feel and the action: making sets of ActDresses for robotic movement
Proceedings of the 8th ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems
Nelson: a low-cost social robot for research and education
Proceedings of the 42nd ACM technical symposium on Computer science education
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Ethics and Information Technology
Designing for perceptual crossing to improve user involvement
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The shape of Simon: creative design of a humanoid robot shell
CHI '11 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Influence of gender and age on the attitudes of children towards humanoid robots
HCII'11 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Human-computer interaction: users and applications - Volume Part IV
Effects of etiquette strategy on human---robot interaction in a simulated medicine delivery task
Intelligent Service Robotics
Anthropomorphism and human likeness in the design of robots and human-robot interaction
ICSR'12 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Social Robotics
Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
Designing for perceptual crossing: designing and comparing three behaviors
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Morphing agency: deconstruction of an agent with transformative agential triggers
CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
Embodiment of an agent by anthropomorphization of a common object
Web Intelligence and Agent Systems
KASPAR --a minimally expressive humanoid robot for human--robot interaction research
Applied Bionics and Biomechanics
Effects of a social robot's autonomy and group orientation on human decision-making
Advances in Human-Computer Interaction
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This paper presents design research conducted as part of a larger project on human-robot interaction. The primary goal of this study was to come to an initial understanding of what features and dimensions of a humanoid robot's face most dramatically contribute to people's perception of its humanness. To answer this question we analyzed 48 robots and conducted surveys to measure people's perception of each robot's humanness. Through our research we found that the presence of certain features, the dimensions of the head, and the total number of facial features heavily influence the perception of humanness in robot heads. This paper presents our findings and initial guidelines for the design of humanoid robot heads.