CHI '86 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Measuring the true cost of command selection: techniques and results
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Extending Fitts' law to two-dimensional tasks
CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A design space for multimodal systems: concurrent processing and data fusion
INTERCHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERCHI '93 conference on Human factors in computing systems
Two-handed input in a compound task
CHI '94 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Extending a graphical toolkit for two-handed interaction
UIST '94 Proceedings of the 7th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
The Rockin'Mouse: integral 3D manipulation on a plane
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
The PadMouse: facilitating selection and spatial positioning for the non-dominant hand
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interaction and modeling techniques for desktop two-handed input
Proceedings of the 11th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Manual and cognitive benefits of two-handed input: an experimental study
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Testing pointing device performance and user assessment with the ISO 9241, Part 9 standard
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
VIDEOPLACE—an artificial reality
CHI '85 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Symmetric bimanual interaction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Quantitative analysis of scrolling techniques
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Evaluating two-handed input techniques: rectangle editing and navigation
CHI '99 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Refining Fitts' law models for bivariate pointing
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Improving Browsing Performance: A study of four input devices for scrolling and pointing tasks
INTERACT '97 Proceedings of the IFIP TC13 Interantional Conference on Human-Computer Interaction
TrackMouse: a new solution for 2+2D interactions
Proceedings of the third Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special issue: Fitts law 50 years later: Applications and contributions from human-computer interaction
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special issue: Fitts law 50 years later: Applications and contributions from human-computer interaction
Bimanual and unimanual image alignment: an evaluation of mouse-based techniques
Proceedings of the 18th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
symSpline: symmetric two-handed spline manipulation
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Fitts' law as a research and design tool in human-computer interaction
Human-Computer Interaction
Performance of input devices in FPS target acquisition
Proceedings of the international conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology
Trackmouse trackball in pie menu use: data on accuracy
IHM '07 Proceedings of the 19th International Conference of the Association Francophone d'Interaction Homme-Machine
Bimanual handheld mixed reality interfaces for urban planning
Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces
User experience to improve the usability of a vision-based interface
Interacting with Computers
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Trackball-mice are devices that include both a trackball and a mouse. In this paper we discuss our experiences in building and testing trackball-mouse prototypes. We report four experiments on user performance with the prototypes used as trackball-mice, conventional mice, and in two-handed configuration with a separate trackball for the non-dominant hand. The results show that user performance with the two-handed configuration was better than in one-handed operation of a trackball-mouse and in one-handed operation of a mouse. Trackball-mouse use and conventional mouse use were more evenly matched. However, Trackball-mouse operation involves a skill that most users do not have whereas mouse operation is familiar to most. Therefore, widespread introduction of trackball-mice does not appear to be justified on performance grounds alone. However, trackball-mice can be used as regular mice by ignoring the ball. This makes them compatible with traditional graphical user interfaces while offering two extra degrees of freedom in tasks where they are beneficial.