Principles and applications of pencil tracing
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The Reyes image rendering architecture
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The accumulation buffer: hardware support for high-quality rendering
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Spectrally optimal sampling for distribution ray tracing
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A realistic camera model for computer graphics
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Consequences of stratified sampling in graphics
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A model of visual masking for computer graphics
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A perceptually based adaptive sampling algorithm
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Dynamically reparameterized light fields
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Theory and application of specular path perturbation
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
A signal-processing framework for inverse rendering
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Lambertian Reflectance and Linear Subspaces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Path Differentials and Applications
Proceedings of the 12th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering Techniques
A lens and aperture camera model for synthetic image generation
SIGGRAPH '81 Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Structured importance sampling of environment maps
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
Fast hierarchical importance sampling with blue noise properties
ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers
A signal-processing framework for reflection
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
A frequency analysis of light transport
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
A first-order analysis of lighting, shading, and shadows
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Camera models and optical systems used in computer graphics: part II, image-based techniques
ICCSA'03 Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Computational science and its applications: PartIII
Frequency analysis and sheared reconstruction for rendering motion blur
ACM SIGGRAPH 2009 papers
ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2009 papers
Micropolygon ray tracing with defocus and motion blur
ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers
A local image reconstruction algorithm for stochastic rendering
I3D '11 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games
Frequency analysis and sheared filtering for shadow light fields of complex occluders
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Temporal light field reconstruction for rendering distribution effects
ACM SIGGRAPH 2011 papers
Adaptive sampling and reconstruction using greedy error minimization
Proceedings of the 2011 SIGGRAPH Asia Conference
Interactive rendering of acquired materials on dynamic geometry using bandwidth prediction
I3D '12 Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games
Decoupled deferred shading for hardware rasterization
I3D '12 Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games
On filtering the noise from the random parameters in Monte Carlo rendering
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Reconstructing the indirect light field for global illumination
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2012 Conference Proceedings
Axis-aligned filtering for interactive sampled soft shadows
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2012
SURE-based optimization for adaptive sampling and reconstruction
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2012
Adaptive rendering with non-local means filtering
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2012
Improved stochastic progressive photon mapping with metropolis sampling
EGSR'11 Proceedings of the Twenty-second Eurographics conference on Rendering
Adaptive image space shading for motion and defocus blur
EGGH-HPG'12 Proceedings of the Fourth ACM SIGGRAPH / Eurographics conference on High-Performance Graphics
Adaptive image synthesis for compressive displays
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2013 Conference Proceedings
Gradient-domain metropolis light transport
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2013 Conference Proceedings
Axis-aligned filtering for interactive physically-based diffuse indirect lighting
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2013 Conference Proceedings
Fourier analysis of stochastic sampling strategies for assessing bias and variance in integration
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2013 Conference Proceedings
Line segment sampling with blue-noise properties
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2013 Conference Proceedings
5D Covariance tracing for efficient defocus and motion blur
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Parallel adaptive sampling and reconstruction using multi-scale and directional analysis
The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics
Boosting monte carlo rendering by ray histogram fusion
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Ray geometry in non-pinhole cameras: a survey
The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics
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Optical systems used in photography and cinema produce depth-of-field effects, that is, variations of focus with depth. These effects are simulated in image synthesis by integrating incoming radiance at each pixel over the lense aperture. Unfortunately, aperture integration is extremely costly for defocused areas where the incoming radiance has high variance, since many samples are then required for a noise-free Monte Carlo integration. On the other hand, using many aperture samples is wasteful in focused areas where the integrand varies little. Similarly, image sampling in defocused areas should be adapted to the very smooth appearance variations due to blurring. This article introduces an analysis of focusing and depth-of-field in the frequency domain, allowing a practical characterization of a light field's frequency content both for image and aperture sampling. Based on this analysis we propose an adaptive depth-of-field rendering algorithm which optimizes sampling in two important ways. First, image sampling is based on conservative bandwidth prediction and a splatting reconstruction technique ensures correct image reconstruction. Second, at each pixel the variance in the radiance over the aperture is estimated and used to govern sampling. This technique is easily integrated in any sampling-based renderer, and vastly improves performance.