The impact of NBTI effect on combinational circuit: modeling, simulation, and analysis

  • Authors:
  • Wenping Wang;Shengqi Yang;Sarvesh Bhardwaj;Sarma Vrudhula;Frank Liu;Yu Cao

  • Affiliations:
  • Vitesse Semiconductor, Austin, TX and Department of Electrical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ;Department of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China;Synopsys, Inc., Mountain View, CA;Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ;IBM Austin Research Laboratory, Austin, TX;Department of Electrical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ

  • Venue:
  • IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

Negative-bias-temperature instability (NBTI) has become the primary limiting factor of circuit life time. In this paper, we develop a hierarchical framework for analyzing the impact of NBTI on the performance of logic circuits under various operation conditions, such as the supply voltage, temperature, and node switching activity. Given a circuit topology and input switching activity, we propose an efficient method to predict the degradation of circuit speed over a long period of time. The effectiveness of our method is comprehensively demonstrated with the International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) benchmarks and a 65-nm industrial design. Furthermore, we extract the following key design insights for reliable circuit design under NBTI effect, including: 1) During dynamic operation, NBTI-induced degradation is relatively insensitive to supply voltage, but strongly dependent on temperature; 2) There is an optimum supply voltage that leads to the minimum of circuit performance degradation; circuit degradation rate actually goes up if supply voltage is lower than the optimum value; 3) Circuit performance degradation due to NBTI is highly sensitive to input vectors. The difference in delay degradation is up to 5× for various static and dynamic operations. Finally, we examine the interaction between NBTI effect, and process and design uncertainty in realistic conditions.