Architectural and compiler support for energy reduction in the memory hierarchy of high performance microprocessors

  • Authors:
  • Nikolaos Bellas Ibrahim Hajj;George Stamoulis;N. Bellas;C. Polychronopoulos

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and the Coordinated Scince Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1308 West Main Street, Urbana, IL;Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and the Coordinated Scince Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1308 West Main Street, Urbana, IL and Intel Corporation, Santa Cl ...;-;Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and the Coordinated Scince Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1308 West Main Street, Urbana, IL

  • Venue:
  • ISLPED '98 Proceedings of the 1998 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
  • Year:
  • 1998

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Abstract

In this paper we propose a technique that uses an additional mini cache located between the I-Cache and the CPU core, and buffers instructions that are nested within loops and are continuously otherwise fetched from the I-Cache. This mechanism is combined with code modifications, through the compiler, that greatly simplify the required hardware, eliminate unnecessary instruction fetching, and consequently reduce signal switching activity and the dissipated energy.We show that the additional cache, dubbed L-Cache, is much smaller and simpler than the I-Cache when the compiler assumes the role of allocating instructions in it. Through simulation, we show that, for the SPECfp95 benchmarks, the I-Cache remains disabled most of the time, and the “cheaper” extra cache is used instead. We present experimental results that validate the effectiveness of this technique, and present the energy gains for most of the SPEC95 benchmarks.