Instruction Set Extensions for MPEG-4 Video

  • Authors:
  • Mladen Berekovic;Hans-Joachim Stolberg;Mark B. Kulaczewski;Peter Pirsch;Henning Möller;Holger Runge;Johannes Kneip;Benno Stabernack

  • Affiliations:
  • Laboratorium für Informationstechnologie, Universität Hannover, Germany;Laboratorium für Informationstechnologie, Universität Hannover, Germany;Laboratorium für Informationstechnologie, Universität Hannover, Germany;Laboratorium für Informationstechnologie, Universität Hannover, Germany;Robert Bosch GmbH, Hildesheim, Germany;Robert Bosch GmbH, Hildesheim, Germany;Robert Bosch GmbH, Hildesheim, Germany;Heinrich-Hertz-Institut, Berlin, Germany

  • Venue:
  • Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems - Special issue on implementation of MPEG-4 multimedia codecs
  • Year:
  • 1999

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Abstract

This paper describes instruction set extensions for theacceleration of MPEG-4 algorithms on programmable (RISC-) CPUs. MPEG-4 standardizes audio and video compression schemes for a varietyof bit rates and scenarios. As MPEG-4 targets a much broader range ofdifferent applications than previously defined hybrid video codingstandards like H.263 or MPEG-2, it employs a much higher number ofdifferent algorithms and coding modes. Therefore, MPEG-4implementations will require a more software-oriented approach to beefficient. However, the total computational load for an optimizedimplementation of an MPEG-4 video codec is expected to exceed theperformance levels of today's multimedia signal processors, makingfurther hardware acceleration a necessity. For that purpose, wepropose a number of instruction set extensions that addfunction-specific blocks to the data path of a CPU. These dedicatedmodules are highly adapted to the most computation-intensiveprocessing schemes of MPEG-4, such as DCT, motion compensation,padding, shape coding, or bitstream parsing. The increasedfunctionality of basic instructions results in a significant speed-upover standard RISC instruction sets, thus making MPEG-4implementations feasible on programmable processor platforms. Possible target architectures include VLIW multimedia processors,MIMD-style multiprocessors, or coprocessorarchitectures