The GAZE groupware system: mediating joint attention in multiparty communication and collaboration
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Embodiment in conversational interfaces: Rea
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Eye gaze patterns in conversations: there is more to conversational agents than meets the eyes
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The impact of eye gaze on communication using humanoid avatars
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Why conversational agents should catch the eye
CHI '00 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interacting with groups of computers
Communications of the ACM
GAZE-2: conveying eye contact in group video conferencing using eye-controlled camera direction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
AuraMirror: artistically visualizing attention
CHI '03 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
ECSGlasses and EyePliances: using attention to open sociable windows of interaction
Proceedings of the 2004 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Auramirror: reflections on attention
Proceedings of the 2004 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Attentive display: paintings as attentive user interfaces
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Beyond Bandwidth: Dimensions of Connection in Interpersonal Communication
Computer Supported Cooperative Work
eyeView: focus+context views for large group video conferences
CHI '05 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
eyeLook: using attention to facilitate mobile media consumption
Proceedings of the 18th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Visual resonator: interface for interactive cocktail party phenomenon
CHI '06 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
'User as assessor' approach to embodied conversational agents
From brows to trust
Real faces and robot faces: The effects of representation on computer-mediated communication
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Applying telepresence to incident management: The virtual incident command center
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Investigating automatic dominance estimation in groups from visual attention and speaking activity
ICMI '08 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
A comparative evaluation of TV video telephony with webcam and face to face communication
Proceedings of the seventh european conference on European interactive television conference
Autonomous Turn-Taking Agent System Based on Behavior Model
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Ubiquitous and Intelligent Interaction
The Attentive Hearing Aid: Eye Selection of Auditory Sources for Hearing Impaired Users
INTERACT '09 Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Avatars in conversation: the importance of simulating territorial behavior
IVA'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
User-adaptive coordination of agent communicative behavior in spoken dialogue
SIGDIAL '10 Proceedings of the 11th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue
Nonverbal robot-group interaction using an imitated gaze cue
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Human-robot interaction
Motion and attention in a kinetic videoconferencing proxy
INTERACT'11 Proceedings of the 13th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction - Volume Part I
International Journal of Electronic Commerce
Accurate behaviour and believability of computer generated images of human head
Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Virtual Reality Continuum and Its Applications in Industry
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Attention to Banner Ads and Their Effectiveness: An Eye-Tracking Approach
International Journal of Electronic Commerce
Designing engagement-aware agents for multiparty conversations
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Search results pages and competition for attention theory: an exploratory eye-tracking study
HCI International'13 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human Interface and the Management of Information: information and interaction design - Volume Part I
Young adult health promotion: supporting research design with eye-tracking methodologies
HCI International'13 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human Interface and the Management of Information: information and interaction for health, safety, mobility and complex environments - Volume Part II
How social cues shape task coordination and communication
Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work & social computing
Meet me where i'm gazing: how shared attention gaze affects human-robot handover timing
Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
| Hi-index | 0.02 |
We present an experiment examining effects of gaze on speech during three-person conversations. Understanding such effects is crucial for the design of teleconferencing systems and Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs). Previous findings suggest subjects take more turns when they experience more gaze. We evaluated whether this is because more gaze allowed them to better observe whether they were being addressed. We compared speaking behavior between two conditions: (1) in which subjects experienced gaze synchronized with conversational attention, and (2) in which subjects experienced random gaze. The amount of gaze experienced by subjects was a covariate. Results show subjects were 22% more likely to speak when gaze behavior was synchronized with conversational attention. However, covariance analysis showed these results were due to differences in amount of gaze rather than synchronization of gaze, with correlations of .62 between amount of gaze and amount of subject speech. Task performance was 46% higher when gaze was synchronized. We conclude it is commendable to use synchronized gaze models when designing CVEs, but depending on task situation, random models generating sufficient amounts of gaze may suffice.