Instruction level power analysis and optimization of software
Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems - Special issue on technologies for wireless computing
Pipeline gating: speculation control for energy reduction
Proceedings of the 25th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Comprehensive Hardware and Software Support for Operating Systems to Exploit MP Memory Hierarchies
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Power analysis of embedded operating systems
Proceedings of the 37th Annual Design Automation Conference
The design and use of simplepower: a cycle-accurate energy estimation tool
Proceedings of the 37th Annual Design Automation Conference
Function-level power estimation methodology for microprocessors
Proceedings of the 37th Annual Design Automation Conference
Efficient performance prediction for modern microprocessors
Proceedings of the 2000 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Wattch: a framework for architectural-level power analysis and optimizations
Proceedings of the 27th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Algorithmic transforms for efficient energy scalable computation
ISLPED '00 Proceedings of the 2000 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
A framework for dynamic energy efficiency and temperature management
Proceedings of the 33rd annual ACM/IEEE international symposium on Microarchitecture
ASPLOS IX Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
High-level software energy macro-modeling
Proceedings of the 38th annual Design Automation Conference
Run-time power estimation in high performance microprocessors
ISLPED '01 Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
The performance and energy consumption of three embedded real-time operating systems
CASES '01 Proceedings of the 2001 international conference on Compilers, architecture, and synthesis for embedded systems
The benefits of event: driven energy accounting in power-sensitive systems
EW 9 Proceedings of the 9th workshop on ACM SIGOPS European workshop: beyond the PC: new challenges for the operating system
Automatically characterizing large scale program behavior
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Understanding and improving operating system effects in control flow prediction
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
ECOSystem: managing energy as a first class operating system resource
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Complete Computer System Simulation: The SimOS Approach
IEEE Parallel & Distributed Technology: Systems & Technology
Variability in Architectural Simulations of Multi-Threaded Workloads
HPCA '03 Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture
Embedded Operating System Energy Analysis and Macro-Modeling
ICCD '02 Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Conference on Computer Design: VLSI in Computers and Processors (ICCD'02)
Dynamic Thermal Management for High-Performance Microprocessors
HPCA '01 Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture
Using Complete Machine Simulation for Software Power Estimation: The SoftWatt Approach
HPCA '02 Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture
Integrating complete-system and user-level performance/power simulators: the SimWattch approach
ISPASS '03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software
Energy estimation of peripheral devices in embedded systems
Proceedings of the 14th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI
Measuring the cache interference cost in preemptive real-time systems
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED conference on Languages, compilers, and tools for embedded systems
Adaptive code unloading for resource-constrained JVMs
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED conference on Languages, compilers, and tools for embedded systems
Energy macromodeling of embedded operating systems
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
Power prediction for intel XScale® processors using performance monitoring unit events
ISLPED '05 Proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Runtime identification of microprocessor energy saving opportunities
ISLPED '05 Proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
System noise, OS clock ticks, and fine-grained parallel applications
Proceedings of the 19th annual international conference on Supercomputing
A run-time, feedback-based energy estimation model For embedded devices
CODES+ISSS '06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Hardware/software codesign and system synthesis
A component infrastructure for performance and power modeling of parallel scientific applications
Proceedings of the 2008 compFrame/HPC-GECO workshop on Component based high performance
Proceedings of the 8th international workshop on Specification and verification of component-based systems
Middleware for energy-awareness in mobile devices
Proceedings of the Fourth International ICST Conference on COMmunication System softWAre and middlewaRE
Proceedings of the 42nd Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Efficient calibration of thermal models based on application behavior
ICCD'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Computer design
Decomposable and responsive power models for multicore processors using performance counters
Proceedings of the 24th ACM International Conference on Supercomputing
A system for online power prediction in virtualized environments using Gaussian mixture models
Proceedings of the 47th Design Automation Conference
Runtime Energy Adaptation with Low-Impact Instrumented Code in a Power-Scalable Cluster System
CCGRID '10 Proceedings of the 2010 10th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing
A comparison of high-level full-system power models
HotPower'08 Proceedings of the 2008 conference on Power aware computing and systems
Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
GREENCOM-CPSCOM '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE/ACM Int'l Conference on Green Computing and Communications & Int'l Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social Computing
ICONIP'06 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Neural information processing - Volume Part III
Evaluating the effectiveness of model-based power characterization
USENIXATC'11 Proceedings of the 2011 USENIX conference on USENIX annual technical conference
Energy accounting for shared virtualized environments under DVFS using PMC-based power models
Future Generation Computer Systems
Where is the energy spent inside my app?: fine grained energy accounting on smartphones with Eprof
Proceedings of the 7th ACM european conference on Computer Systems
Extracting flexible, replayable models from large block traces
FAST'12 Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
Processor energy characterization for compiler-assisted software energy reduction
Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Journal of Systems and Software
USENIX ATC'12 Proceedings of the 2012 USENIX conference on Annual Technical Conference
Power Modeling and Characterization of Computing Devices: A Survey
Foundations and Trends in Electronic Design Automation
Engineering energy-aware web services toward dynamically-green computing
ICSOC'11 Proceedings of the 2011 international conference on Service-Oriented Computing
Power-aware predictive models of hybrid (MPI/OpenMP) scientific applications on multicore systems
Computer Science - Research and Development
Systematic Energy Characterization of CMP/SMT Processor Systems via Automated Micro-Benchmarks
MICRO-45 Proceedings of the 2012 45th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Calculating source line level energy information for Android applications
Proceedings of the 2013 International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis
Estimating mobile application energy consumption using program analysis
Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering
An environment for automated power measurements on mobile computing platforms
Proceedings of the 51st ACM Southeast Conference
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The increasing constraints on power consumption in many computing systems point to the need for power modeling and estimation for all components of a system. The Operating System (OS) constitutes a major software component and dissipates a significant portion of total power in many modern application executions. Therefore, modeling OS power is imperative for accurate software power evaluation, as well as power management (e.g. dynamic thermal control and equal energy scheduling) in the light of OS-intensive workloads. This paper characterizes the power behavior of a commercial OS across a wide spectrum of applications to understand OS energy profiles and then proposes various models to cost-effectively estimate its run-time energy dissipation. The proposed models rely on a few simple parameters and have various degrees of complexity and accuracy. Experiments show that compared with cycle-accurate full-system simulation, the model can predict cumulative OS energy to within 1% accuracy for a set of benchmark programs evaluated on a high-end superscalar microprocessor. When applied to track run-time OS energy profiles, the proposed routine level OS power model offers superior accuracy than a simpler, flat OS power model, yielding per-routine estimation error of less than 6%. The most striking observation is the strong correlation between power consumption and the instructions per cycle (IPC) during OS routine executions. Since tools and methodology to measure IPC exist on modern microprocessors, the proposed models can estimate OS power for run-time dynamic thermal and energy management.