Principles of CMOS VLSI design: a systems perspective
Principles of CMOS VLSI design: a systems perspective
Introduction to algorithms
Voltage scheduling problem for dynamically variable voltage processors
ISLPED '98 Proceedings of the 1998 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Design issues for dynamic voltage scaling
ISLPED '00 Proceedings of the 2000 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Improving dynamic voltage scaling algorithms with PACE
Proceedings of the 2001 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Hard real-time scheduling for low-energy using stochastic data and DVS processors
ISLPED '01 Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Compile-time dynamic voltage scaling settings: opportunities and limits
PLDI '03 Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 2003 conference on Programming language design and implementation
A scheduling model for reduced CPU energy
FOCS '95 Proceedings of the 36th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Collaborative Operating System and Compiler Power Management for Real-Time Applications
RTAS '03 Proceedings of the The 9th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium
Practical Voltage-Scaling for Fixed-Priority RT-Systems
RTAS '03 Proceedings of the The 9th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium
Synthesis Techniques for Low-Power Hard Real-Time Systems on Variable Voltage Processors
RTSS '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium
Dynamic and Aggressive Scheduling Techniques for Power-Aware Real-Time Systems
RTSS '01 Proceedings of the 22nd IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium
Operating systems techniques for reducing processor energy consumption
Operating systems techniques for reducing processor energy consumption
Energy-efficient soft real-time CPU scheduling for mobile multimedia systems
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Operating System Modifications for Task-Based Speed and Voltage
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Mobile systems, applications and services
Energy-efficient policies for embedded clusters
LCTES '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED conference on Languages, compilers, and tools for embedded systems
AutoDVS: an automatic, general-purpose, dynamic clock scheduling system for hand-held devices
Proceedings of the 5th ACM international conference on Embedded software
Minimizing expected energy in real-time embedded systems
Proceedings of the 5th ACM international conference on Embedded software
A Power-Aware Run-Time System for High-Performance Computing
SC '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
Dynamic voltage scaling for multitasking real-time systems with uncertain execution time
GLSVLSI '06 Proceedings of the 16th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI
Procrastinating voltage scheduling with discrete frequency sets
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe: Proceedings
Energy-efficient CPU scheduling for multimedia applications
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
System-wide energy minimization for real-time tasks: lower bound and approximation
Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Energy-aware scheduling for real-time multiprocessor systems with uncertain task execution time
Proceedings of the 44th annual Design Automation Conference
Dynamic voltage scaling under EDF revisited
Real-Time Systems
A unified practical approach to stochastic DVS scheduling
EMSOFT '07 Proceedings of the 7th ACM & IEEE international conference on Embedded software
Minimizing expected energy consumption in real-time systems through dynamic voltage scaling
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
System-wide energy minimization for real-time tasks: Lower bound and approximation
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
A Dynamic Voltage Scaling Algorithm for Dynamic Workloads
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
Stochastic DVS-based dynamic power management for soft real-time systems
Microprocessors & Microsystems
Brief paper: Dynamic buffer management using optimal control of hybrid systems
Automatica (Journal of IFAC)
EMSOFT '08 Proceedings of the 8th ACM international conference on Embedded software
Low-complexity policies for energy-performance tradeoff in chip-multi-processors
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Brief paper: Optimal solutions to a class of power management problems in mobile robots
Automatica (Journal of IFAC)
Adaptive Fair Resource Allocation for Energy and QoS Trade-Off Management
IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences
Energy-efficient scheduling of a real-time task on DVFS-enabled multi-cores
Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology
Energy-Saving DVFS Scheduling of Multiple Periodic Real-Time Tasks on Multi-core Processors
DS-RT '09 Proceedings of the 2009 13th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
A probabilistic and energy-efficient scheduling approach for online application in real-time systems
Proceedings of the 47th Design Automation Conference
Energy-efficient tasks scheduling algorithm for real-time multiprocessor embedded systems
The Journal of Supercomputing
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In current embedded systems, one of the major concerns is energy conservation. The dynamic voltage-scheduling (DVS) framework, which involves dynamically adjusting the voltage and frequency of the CPU, has become a well studied technique. It has been shown that if a task's computational requirement is only known probabilistically, there is no constant optimal speed for the task and the expected energy consumption is minimized by gradually increasing speed as the task progresses citelorchsmith. It is possible to find the optimal speed schedule if we assume continuous speed and a well defined power function, which are assumptions that do not hold in practice. In this paper, we study the problem from a practical point of view, that is, we study the case of discrete speeds and make no restriction on the form of the power functions. Furthermore, we take into account processor idle power and speed change overhead, which were ignored in previous similar studies. We present a fully polynomial time approximation scheme (FPTAS), which has performance guarantees and usually obtains solutions very close to the optimal solution in practice. Our evaluation shows that our algorithm performs very well and generally obtains solutions within 0.1.