Optimizing Hardware Function Evaluation

  • Authors:
  • Dong-U Lee;Altaf Abdul Gaffar;Oskar Mencer;Wayne Luk

  • Affiliations:
  • IEEE;IEEE;IEEE;IEEE

  • Venue:
  • IEEE Transactions on Computers
  • Year:
  • 2005

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Abstract

We present a methodology and an automated system for function evaluation unit generation. Our system selects the best function evaluation hardware for a given function, accuracy requirements, technology mapping, and optimization metrics, such as area, throughput, and latency. Function evaluation f(x) typically consists of range reduction and the actual evaluation on a small convenient interval such as [0,\pi/2) for \sin(x). We investigate the impact of hardware function evaluation with range reduction for a given range and precision of x and f(x) on area and speed. An automated bit-width optimization technique for minimizing the sizes of the operators in the data paths is also proposed. We explore a vast design space for fixed-point \sin(x), \log(x), and \sqrt{x} accurate to one unit in the last place using MATLAB and ASC, A Stream Compiler for Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). In this study, we implement over 2,000 placed-and-routed FPGA designs, resulting in over 100 million Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) equivalent gates. We provide optimal function evaluation results for range and precision combinations between 8 and 48 bits.