RISA: accurate and efficient placement routability modeling
ICCAD '94 Proceedings of the 1994 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
A fast routability-driven router for FPGAs
FPGA '98 Proceedings of the 1998 ACM/SIGDA sixth international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
Interconnect complexity-aware FPGA placement using Rent's rule
Proceedings of the 2001 international workshop on System-level interconnect prediction
Efficient circuit clustering for area and power reduction in FPGAs
FPGA '02 Proceedings of the 2002 ACM/SIGDA tenth international symposium on Field-programmable gate arrays
On metrics for comparing routability estimation methods for FPGAs
Proceedings of the 39th annual Design Automation Conference
Architecture and CAD for Deep-Submicron FPGAs
Architecture and CAD for Deep-Submicron FPGAs
Placement rent exponent calculation methods, temporal behaviour and FPGA architecture evaluation
Proceedings of the 2003 international workshop on System-level interconnect prediction
DART: delay and routability driven technology mapping for LUT based FPGAs
ICCD '95 Proceedings of the 1995 International Conference on Computer Design: VLSI in Computers and Processors
Routability Prediction for Hierarchical FPGAs
GLS '99 Proceedings of the Ninth Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI
Satisfiability-Based Detailed FPGA Routing
VLSID '99 Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on VLSI Design - 'VLSI for the Information Appliance'
Routability Prediction for Field Programmable Gate Arrays with a Routing Hierarchy
VLSID '03 Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on VLSI Design
On metrics for comparing interconnect estimation methods for FPGAs
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Generating synthetic benchmark circuits for evaluating CAD tools
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Evaluation, prediction and reduction of routing congestion
Microelectronics Journal
Congestion and track usage improvement of large FPGAs using metro-on-FPGA methodology
Proceedings of the 21st edition of the great lakes symposium on Great lakes symposium on VLSI
Integration of Net-Length Factor with Timing- and Routability-Driven Clustering Algorithms
ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems (TRETS)
Integration, the VLSI Journal
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In this paper, we are concerned with locating the most congested regions in FPGA designs before routing is completed. As well, we are interested in the amount of congestion in these locations relative to surrounding areas. If this estimation is done accurately and early enough, e.g. prior to routing or even prior to placement, the data can be used to avoid or spread out congestion before it becomes a problem. We implemented several estimation methods in the VPR tool set and visually compare estimation results to an actual routing congestion ma. We find that standard image processing techniques such as blending and peak saturation considerably improve the quality of estimation for all metrics.