A real-time optical 3D tracker for head-mounted display systems
I3D '90 Proceedings of the 1990 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
A demonstrated optical tracker with scalable work area for head-mounted display systems
I3D '92 Proceedings of the 1992 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Numerical recipes in C (2nd ed.): the art of scientific computing
Numerical recipes in C (2nd ed.): the art of scientific computing
Tracking requirements for augmented reality
Communications of the ACM - Special issue on computer augmented environments: back to the real world
Autocalibration for virtual environments tracking hardware
SIGGRAPH '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Virtual reality technology
Improving static and dynamic registration in an optical see-through HMD
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
A frequency-domain analysis of head-motion prediction
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Predictive tracking for augmented reality
Predictive tracking for augmented reality
SCAAT: incremental tracking with incomplete information
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SCAAT: incremental tracking with incomplete information
SCAAT: incremental tracking with incomplete information
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Walking walking-in-place flying, in virtual environments
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The HiBall Tracker: high-performance wide-area tracking for virtual and augmented environments
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
IBM Systems Journal
Recursive Estimation of Motion, Structure, and Focal Length
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Noise Model and Performance Analysis Of Outward-looking Optical Trackers Using Lateral Effect Photo Diodes
An Inertial/Optical Hybrid Three-Dimensional Tracking System
An Inertial/Optical Hybrid Three-Dimensional Tracking System
An Introduction to the Kalman Filter
An Introduction to the Kalman Filter
Position trackers for Head Mounted Display systems: A survey
Position trackers for Head Mounted Display systems: A survey
Space Resection by Collinearity: Mathematics Behind the Optical Ceiling Head-Tracker
Space Resection by Collinearity: Mathematics Behind the Optical Ceiling Head-Tracker
Real-time measurement of multiple three-dimensional positions
Real-time measurement of multiple three-dimensional positions
Self-tracker: a smart optical sensor on silicon (vlsi, graphics)
Self-tracker: a smart optical sensor on silicon (vlsi, graphics)
A real-time optical 6d tracker for head-mounted display systems
A real-time optical 6d tracker for head-mounted display systems
Recent Advances in Augmented Reality
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Motion Tracking: No Silver Bullet, but a Respectable Arsenal
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Location based applications for mobile augmented reality
AUIC '03 Proceedings of the Fourth Australasian user interface conference on User interfaces 2003 - Volume 18
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Motion compression for telepresent walking in large target environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special section: Advances in interactive multimodal telepresent systems
Combining head-mounted and projector-based displays for surgical training
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: IEEE VR 2003
FlightTracker: A Novel Optical/Inertial Tracker for Cockpit Enhanced Vision
ISMAR '04 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Encoded LED System for Optical Trackers
ISMAR '05 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Innovative geometric pose reconstruction for marker-based single camera tracking
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM international conference on Virtual reality continuum and its applications
The Hedgehog: a novel optical tracking method for spatially immersive displays
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: IEEE VR 2005
Localization using neural networks in wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on MOBILe Wireless MiddleWARE, Operating Systems, and Applications
History: The use of the kalman filter for human motion tracking in virtual reality
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computer Graphics, Virtual Reality, Visualisation and Interaction in Africa
ISMAR '06 Proceedings of the 5th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Indoor Localization Based on Neural Networks for Non-dedicated ZigBee Networks in AAL
IWANN '09 Proceedings of the 10th International Work-Conference on Artificial Neural Networks: Part I: Bio-Inspired Systems: Computational and Ambient Intelligence
Optical tracking using commodity hardware
ISMAR '08 Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Comparison of MLP neural network and Kalman filter for localization in wireless sensor networks
PDCS '07 Proceedings of the 19th IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Systems
Study on an indoor tracking system with infrared projected markers for large-area applications
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Virtual Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry
JanusVF: Adaptive Fiducial Selection
ISVC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing: Part I
On natural motion editing by a geometric mean filter
ICCSA'03 Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Computational science and its applications: PartII
A simple indoor self-localization system using infrared LEDs
INSS'09 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Networked sensing systems
An evaluation of a low-cost 3-dimensional gestural interface: Wii3D
Proceedings of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists Conference on Knowledge, Innovation and Leadership in a Diverse, Multidisciplinary Environment
Estimating camera position and posture by using feature landmark database
SCIA'05 Proceedings of the 14th Scandinavian conference on Image Analysis
A method for space tracking and positioning of surgical instruments in virtual surgery simulation
ICICA'11 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Information Computing and Applications
Image sensor communication for patient ID recognition using mobile devices
Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Sensing Applications on Mobile Phones
WiiMS: simulating mouse and keyboard for motor-impaired users
Proceedings of the South African Institute for Computer Scientists and Information Technologists Conference
Determining and locating the closest available resources to mobile collaborators
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Scalable optical tracking for navigating large virtual environments using spatially encoded markers
Proceedings of the 19th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
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Since the early 1980s, the Tracker Project at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill has been working on wide-area head tracking for virtual and augmented environments. Our long-term goal has been to achieve the high performance required for accurate visual simulation throughout our entire laboratory, beyond into the hallways, and eventually even outdoors. In this article, we present results and a complete description of our most recent electro-optical system, the HiBall Tracking System. In particular, we discuss motivation for the geometric configuration and describe the novel optical, mechanical, electronic, and algorithmic aspects that enable unprecedented speed, resolution, accuracy, robustness, and flexibility.