Free-form deformation of solid geometric models
SIGGRAPH '86 Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Marching cubes: A high resolution 3D surface construction algorithm
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Fronts propagating with curvature-dependent speed: algorithms based on Hamilton-Jacobi formulations
Journal of Computational Physics
Interactive techniques for implicit modeling
I3D '90 Proceedings of the 1990 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Sculpting: an interactive volumetric modeling technique
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An implicit surface polygonizer
Graphics gems IV
I3D '95 Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Animating soft substances with implicit surfaces
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SKETCH: an interface for sketching 3D scenes
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Wires: a geometric deformation technique
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A Level-Set Approach to 3D Reconstruction from Range Data
International Journal of Computer Vision
Teddy: a sketching interface for 3D freeform design
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Adaptively sampled distance fields: a general representation of shape for computer graphics
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Virtual clay: a real-time sculpting system with haptic toolkits
I3D '01 Proceedings of the 2001 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Kizamu: a system for sculpting digital characters
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Introduction to Implicit Surfaces
Introduction to Implicit Surfaces
Implicit Objects in Computer Graphics
Implicit Objects in Computer Graphics
Adaptive implicit modeling using subdivision curves and surfaces as skeletons
Proceedings of the seventh ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Level set surface editing operators
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Modelling with implicit surfaces that interpolate
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
A complete distance field representation
Proceedings of the conference on Visualization '01
Animation of Deformable Models Using Implicit Surfaces
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Computer
Smooth meshes for sketch-based freeform modeling
I3D '03 Proceedings of the 2003 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Resolution adaptive volume sculpting
Graphical Models - Volume modeling
Interactive shape design using volumetric implicit PDEs
SM '03 Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Global and local deformations of solid primitives
SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Free-form Shape Modeling by 3D Cellular Automata
SMI '99 Proceedings of the International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications
Surface Representation Using Second, Fourth and Mixed Order Partial Differential Equations
SMI '01 Proceedings of the International Conference on Shape Modeling & Applications
Implicit Modelling with Skeleton Curves: Controlled Blending in Contact Situations
SMI '02 Proceedings of the Shape Modeling International 2002 (SMI'02)
Volume Sculpting Using the Level-Set Method
SMI '02 Proceedings of the Shape Modeling International 2002 (SMI'02)
Feature Based Retargeting of Parameterized Geometry
GMP '04 Proceedings of the Geometric Modeling and Processing 2004
Sweepers: Swept User-Defined Tools for Modeling by Deformation
SMI '04 Proceedings of the Shape Modeling International 2004
Scalar-field-guided adaptive shape deformation and animation
The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics
Simulating water and smoke with an octree data structure
ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers
Interactive modelling from sketches using spherical implicit functions
AFRIGRAPH '04 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer graphics, virtual reality, visualisation and interaction in Africa
A painting interface for interactive surface deformations
Graphical Models - Special issue on pacific graphics 2003
Sketch-based modeling with few strokes
Proceedings of the 21st spring conference on Computer graphics
Interactive Implicit Modeling with Hierarchical Spatial Caching
SMI '05 Proceedings of the International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications 2005
Generalized sweep templates for implicit modeling
GRAPHITE '05 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and South East Asia
Hierarchical RLE level set: A compact and versatile deformable surface representation
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Dynamic Tubular Grid: An Efficient Data Structure and Algorithms for High Resolution Level Sets
Journal of Scientific Computing
3D Distance Fields: A Survey of Techniques and Applications
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Vector field based shape deformations
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
Swirling-sweepers: constant-volume modeling
Graphical Models - Special issue on PG2004
Designing with distance fields
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
SIGGRAPH '04 ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Sketches
Free-Form Geometric Modeling by Integrating Parametric and Implicit PDEs
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
FiberMesh: designing freeform surfaces with 3D curves
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers
Plushie: an interactive design system for plush toys
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers
A variational approach to Eulerian geometry processing
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers
Superquadrics and Angle-Preserving Transformations
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Explicit Control of Vector Field Based Shape Deformations
PG '07 Proceedings of the 15th Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications
Active Contours Under Topology Control--Genus Preserving Level Sets
International Journal of Computer Vision
SilSketch: automated sketch-based editing of surface meshes
SBIM '07 Proceedings of the 4th Eurographics workshop on Sketch-based interfaces and modeling
Editing level-set models with sketched curves
Proceedings of the 6th Eurographics Symposium on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Enhanced Voxelization and Representation of Objects with Sharp Details in Truncated Distance Fields
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
A sketching interface for modeling the internal structures of 3D shapes
SG'03 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Smart graphics
A topology preserving level set method for geometric deformable models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A sketch-based method to control deformation in a skeletal implicit surface modeler
SBM'08 Proceedings of the Fifth Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Data structures for interactive high resolution level-set surface editing
Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2011
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We present a set of interactive, free-form editing operators for direct manipulation of level-set models that supports the creation and removal of surface detail. The mathematics, data structures and algorithms needed to implement numerous level-set modeling capabilities have been developed. The first component of these capabilities identifies the region-of-influence (ROI) on the surface to be modified, and the specification of user handles, i.e. a point or a curve within the ROI, that are used to control the free-form surface edits. The editing operators include pulling the level-set surface by a handle with the surface changes occurring symmetrically around the handle or within the ROI, surface offsetting and carving, deformations towards a profile curve and localized smoothing. The editing operators are implemented with specialized speed functions, which are incorporated into the level set partial differential equation (PDE). The PDE is then evolved to produce the desired model modification. The specific form of each speed function is described in detail. The operators have been combined with an OpenGL interface and the VISPACK level-set library to create a preliminary interactive level-set modeling system. VISPACK's narrow-band data structures have been extended to localize all computations and updates to optimize running time and provide interactive performance. Additional sketch-based level-set editing operators have been implemented within the system, and are described elsewhere [1]. A variety of level-set models are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the editing operators.