Real-time shaded NC milling display
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Extended free-form deformation: a sculpturing tool for 3D geometric modeling
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Feature-based volume metamorphosis
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A haptic interaction method for volume visualization
Proceedings of the 7th conference on Visualization '96
3D chainmail: a fast algorithm for deforming volumetric objects
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Surface drawing: creating organic 3D shapes with the hand and tangible tools
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Kizamu: a system for sculpting digital characters
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
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VRST '00 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
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IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Interactive Direct Rendering of Trivariate B-Spline Scalar Functions
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Computing and Rendering Point Set Surfaces
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Constructive hypervolume modeling
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We present a modeling technique based on the metaphor of interactively sculpting complex 3D objects from a solid material, such as a block of wood or marble. The 3D model is represented in a 3D raster of voxels where each voxel stores local material property information such as color and texture. Sculpting is done by moving 3D voxel-based tools within the model. The affected regions are indicated directly on the 2D projected image of the 3D model. By reducing the complex operations between the 3D tool volume and the 3D model down to primitive voxel-by-voxel operations, coupled with the utilization of a localized ray casting for image updating, our sculpting tool achieves real-time interaction. Furthermore, volume sampling techniques and volume manipulations are employed to ensure that the process of sculpting does not introduce aliasing into the models.