Texture histograms as a function of irradiation and viewing direction

  • Authors:
  • Bram Van Ginneken;Jan J. Koenderink;Kristin J. Dana

  • Affiliations:
  • Helmholtz Institute, Department of Physics of Man, Utrecht University, PO Box 80.000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands. bram@isi.uu.nl;Helmholtz Institute, Department of Physics of Man, Utrecht University, PO Box 80.000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands. j.j.koenderink@phys.uu.nl;Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027. dana@cs.columbia.edu

  • Venue:
  • International Journal of Computer Vision
  • Year:
  • 1999

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Abstract

The textural appearance of materials encountered in our dailyenvironment depends on two directions, the irradiation and viewingdirection. We investigate the bidirectional grey level histograms ofa large set of materials, obtained from a texture database. Wedistinguish important categories, relate the various effects tophysical mechanisms, and list material attributes that influence thebidirectional histograms. We use a model for rough surfaces withlocally diffuse and/or specular reflection properties, a class ofmaterials that commonly occurs, to generate bidirectional histogramsand obtain close agreement with experimental data. We discuss severalapplications of bidirectional texture functions and histograms. Inparticular, we present a new approach to texture mapping based onbidirectional histograms. For 3D texture, this technique is superiorto standard 2D texture mapping at hardly any extra computational costor memory requirements.