Pfinder: Real-Time Tracking of the Human Body
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Using Adaptive Tracking to Classify and Monitor Activities in a Site
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Image segmentation in video sequences: a probabilistic approach
UAI'97 Proceedings of the Thirteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
View-invariant Estimation of Height and Stride for Gait Recognition
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the International ECCV 2002 Workshop Copenhagen on Biometric Authentication
Gait Sequence Analysis Using Frieze Patterns
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part II
A Framework for High-Level Feedback to Adaptive, Per-Pixel, Mixture-of-Gaussian Background Models
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part III
EigenGait: Motion-Based Recognition of People Using Image Self-Similarity
AVBPA '01 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
The Background Subtraction Problem for Video Surveillance Systems
RobVis '01 Proceedings of the International Workshop on Robot Vision
Segmenting People in Meeting Videos Using Mixture Background and Object Models
PCM '02 Proceedings of the Third IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
WACV-MOTION '05 Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Motion and Video Computing (WACV/MOTION'05) - Volume 2 - Volume 02
Background Subtraction Using Markov Thresholds
WACV-MOTION '05 Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Motion and Video Computing (WACV/MOTION'05) - Volume 2 - Volume 02
Image-based pan-tilt camera control in a multi-camera surveillance environment
ICME '03 Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 2
Video based rendering of planar dynamic scenes
ICME '03 Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 2
An EM/E-MRF algorithm for adaptive model based tracking in extremely poor visibility
Image and Vision Computing
Improving Background Subtraction Based on a Casuistry of Colour-Motion Segmentation Problems
IbPRIA '07 Proceedings of the 3rd Iberian conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis, Part II
Probabilistic Motion Switch Tracking Method Based on Mean Shift and Double Model Filters
ISNN '07 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Neural Networks: Part II--Advances in Neural Networks
A Local Discriminative Model for Background Subtraction
Proceedings of the 30th DAGM symposium on Pattern Recognition
Fusing Edge Cues to Handle Colour Problems in Image Segmentation
AMDO '08 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects
Motion Detection with Background Clutter Suppression Based on KDE Model
ICIC '08 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Intelligent Computing: Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications - with Aspects of Theoretical and Methodological Issues
ECCV '08 Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Computer Vision: Part I
Localizing Objects with Smart Dictionaries
ECCV '08 Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Computer Vision: Part I
Difference of Gaussian Edge-Texture Based Background Modeling for Dynamic Traffic Conditions
ISVC '08 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing
Type-2 Fuzzy Mixture of Gaussians Model: Application to Background Modeling
ISVC '08 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing
Compensated Visual Hull with GPU-Based Optimization
PCM '08 Proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
PSIVT '09 Proceedings of the 3rd Pacific Rim Symposium on Advances in Image and Video Technology
Automatic Database Creation and Object's Model Learning
Knowledge Acquisition: Approaches, Algorithms and Applications
IbPRIA '09 Proceedings of the 4th Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis
Video Background Segmentation Using Adaptive Background Models
ICIAP '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing
Combining Color, Depth, and Motion for Video Segmentation
ICVS '09 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computer Vision Systems: Computer Vision Systems
Multi-view Reconstruction of Unknown Objects within a Known Environment
ISVC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing: Part I
Rooftop Detection and 3D Building Modeling from Aerial Images
ISVC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing: Part II
Animated Classic Mosaics from Video
ISVC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing: Part II
ISVC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing: Part II
Web-scale computer vision using MapReduce for multimedia data mining
Proceedings of the Tenth International Workshop on Multimedia Data Mining
Background estimation using graph cuts and inpainting
Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2010
Independent shape component-based human activity recognition via Hidden Markov Model
Applied Intelligence
An efficient, chromatic clustering-based background model for embedded vision platforms
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Light-weight salient foreground detection for embedded smart cameras
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Cooperative object tracking and composite event detection with wireless embedded smart cameras
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing - Special section on distributed camera networks: sensing, processing, communication, and implementation
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Adaptive learning of multi-subspace for foreground detection under illumination changes
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Unsupervised learning of background modeling parameters in multicamera systems
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
PCM'10 Proceedings of the 11th Pacific Rim conference on Advances in multimedia information processing: Part I
Human tracking: a state-of-art survey
KES'10 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Knowledge-based and intelligent information and engineering systems: Part II
Dynamic color flow: a motion-adaptive color model for object segmentation in video
ECCV'10 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Computer vision: Part V
Motion-based background subtraction using adaptive kernel density estimation
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
An unsupervised, online learning framework for moving object detection
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Non-linear parametric Bayesian regression for robust background subtraction
WMVC'09 Proceedings of the 2009 international conference on Motion and video computing
Automatic pedestrian detection and counting applied to urban planning
AmI'10 Proceedings of the First international joint conference on Ambient intelligence
Local histogram of figure/ground segmentations for dynamic background subtraction
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
Robust real-time background subtraction based on local neighborhood patterns
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing - Special issue on advanced image processing for defense and security applications
Maritime surveillance: Tracking ships inside a dynamic background using a fast level-set
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Background subtraction for automated multisensor surveillance: a comprehensive review
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing - Special issue on advanced image processing for defense and security applications
Feature-based tracking approach for detection of moving vehicle in traffic videos
Proceedings of the First International Conference on Intelligent Interactive Technologies and Multimedia
Modeling complex scenes for accurate moving objects segmentation
ACCV'10 Proceedings of the 10th Asian conference on Computer vision - Volume Part II
ACCV'10 Proceedings of the 10th Asian conference on Computer vision - Volume Part III
Adaptive εLBP for background subtraction
ACCV'10 Proceedings of the 10th Asian conference on Computer vision - Volume Part III
Sustained observability for salient motion detection
ACCV'10 Proceedings of the 10th Asian conference on Computer vision - Volume Part III
GW4: an FPGA-driven image segmentation algorithm
SSIP'05 Proceedings of the 5th WSEAS international conference on Signal, speech and image processing
A web-based sensor network system with distributed data processing approach via web application
Computer Standards & Interfaces
An Automation System of Rooftop Detection and 3D Building Modeling from Aerial Images
Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems
International Journal of Computer Vision
Segmentation and modeling of visually symmetric objects by robot actions
International Journal of Robotics Research
A temporal-spatial background modeling of dynamic scenes
Frontiers of Computer Science in China
Vision-Based Fingertip-Writing Character Recognition
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
ACCV'10 Proceedings of the 2010 international conference on Computer vision - Volume Part I
Background modeling via incremental maximum margin criterion
ACCV'10 Proceedings of the 2010 international conference on Computer vision - Volume part II
Adaptive model for object detection in noisy and fast-varying environment
ICIAP'11 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Image analysis and processing: Part I
Spatial color histogram based center voting method for subsequent object tracking and segmentation
Image and Vision Computing
Background extraction using improved mode algorithm for visual surveillance applications
International Journal of Computational Science and Engineering
Camshift-based tracking in joint color-spatial spaces
CAIP'05 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns
Efficient incorporation of motionless foreground objects for adaptive background segmentation
AMDO'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects
Background updating for visual surveillance
ISVC'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Advances in Visual Computing
A multiscale co-linearity statistic based approach to robust background modeling
ACCV'06 Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
Region-Level motion-based foreground detection with shadow removal using MRFs
ACCV'06 Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
Detection of moving objects by independent component analysis
ACCV'06 Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part II
Smooth foreground-background segmentation for video processing
ACCV'06 Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part II
Efficient object segmentation using digital matting for MPEG video sequences
ACCV'06 Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part II
Tracking of individuals in very long video sequences
ISVC'06 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advances in Visual Computing - Volume Part I
Track matching by major color histograms matching and post-matching integration
ICIAP'05 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Image Analysis and Processing
A moving detection algorithm based on space-time background difference
ICIC'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Advances in Intelligent Computing - Volume Part I
Local spatial co-occurrence for background subtraction via adaptive binned kernel estimation
ACCV'09 Proceedings of the 9th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part III
A survey of cast shadow detection algorithms
Pattern Recognition Letters
Towards robust object detection: integrated background modeling based on spatio-temporal features
ACCV'09 Proceedings of the 9th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
ECCV'06 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part II
Shape from pairwise silhouettes for plan-view map generation
Image and Vision Computing
Video-based 3D motion capture through biped control
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2012 Conference Proceedings
Reliable moving vehicle detection based on the filtering of swinging tree leaves and raindrops
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation
An octree-based method for shape from inconsistent silhouettes
Pattern Recognition
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
Video saliency detection with robust temporal alignment and local-global spatial contrast
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval
Pattern Recognition Letters
User identification and object recognition in clutter scenes based on RGB-depth analysis
AMDO'12 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation
Robust detection of moving objects in video sequences through rough set theory framework
Image and Vision Computing
Moving object segmentation using motor signals
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part V
Block-Sparse RPCA for consistent foreground detection
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part V
Background subtraction with dirichlet processes
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part IV
Foreground segmentation for interactive displays
Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Image and Vision Computing New Zealand
Flame detection for video-based early fire warning for the protection of cultural heritage
EuroMed'12 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Progress in Cultural Heritage Preservation
Efficient background subtraction for real-time tracking in embedded camera networks
Proceedings of the 10th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems
Exploiting ambient illumination to locate and recognise user behaviour in enclosed environments
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
Comparing the performance of stochastic simulation on GPUs and OpenMP
International Journal of Computational Science and Engineering
A unified approach to background adaptation and initialization in public scenes
Pattern Recognition
Multi-modal user identification and object recognition surveillance system
Pattern Recognition Letters
Efficient background subtraction under abrupt illumination variations
ACCV'12 Proceedings of the 11th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
A new framework for background subtraction using multiple cues
ACCV'12 Proceedings of the 11th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part III
Temporal saliency for fast motion detection
ACCV'12 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
Background subtraction via coherent trajectory decomposition
Proceedings of the 21st ACM international conference on Multimedia
A view-invariant and anti-reflection algorithm for car body extraction and color classification
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Image and Vision Computing
One-class classification with Gaussian processes
Pattern Recognition
Background subtraction using hybrid feature coding in the bag-of-features framework
Pattern Recognition Letters
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation
Abrupt motion tracking using a visual saliency embedded particle filter
Pattern Recognition
Fast background subtraction using static and dynamic gates
Artificial Intelligence Review
Using adaptive background subtraction into a multi-level model for traffic surveillance
Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering
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Background subtraction is a method typically used to segment moving regions in image sequences taken from a static camera by comparing each new frame to a model of the scene background. We present a novel non-parametric background model and a background subtraction approach. The model can handle situations where the background of the scene is cluttered and not completely static but contains small motions such as tree branches and bushes. The model estimates the probability of observing pixel intensity values based on a sample of intensity values for each pixel. The model adapts quickly to changes in the scene which enables very sensitive detection of moving targets. We also show how the model can use color information to suppress detection of shadows. The implementation of the model runs in real-time for both gray level and color imagery. Evaluation shows that this approach achieves very sensitive detection with very low false alarm rates.