Increasing design quality and engineering productivity through design reuse
DAC '93 Proceedings of the 30th international Design Automation Conference
Intellectual property protection in the EDA industry
DAC '94 Proceedings of the 31st annual Design Automation Conference
Applied cryptography (2nd ed.): protocols, algorithms, and source code in C
Applied cryptography (2nd ed.): protocols, algorithms, and source code in C
IBM Systems Journal
Intellectual property protection by watermarking combinational logic synthesis solutions
Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Watermarking while preserving the critical path
Proceedings of the 37th Annual Design Automation Conference
Watermarking maps: hiding information in structured data
SODA '00 Proceedings of the eleventh annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms
IEEE Spectrum
Information hiding: steganography and watermarking—attacks and countermeasures
Information hiding: steganography and watermarking—attacks and countermeasures
Synthesis and Optimization of Digital Circuits
Synthesis and Optimization of Digital Circuits
Information Hiding Techniques for Steganography and Digital Watermarking
Information Hiding Techniques for Steganography and Digital Watermarking
Watermarking 3D Objects for Verification
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Fast Prototyping of Datapath-Intensive Architectures
IEEE Design & Test
Computational Forensic Techniques for Intellectual Property Protection
IHW '01 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Information Hiding
Intellectual Property Metering
IHW '01 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Information Hiding
Digital Watermarks for Audio Signals
ICMCS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems
Error Control Coding, Second Edition
Error Control Coding, Second Edition
Robust spread-spectrum audio watermarking
ICASSP '01 Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 03
Tamper resistance: a cautionary note
WOEC'96 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Proceedings of the Second USENIX Workshop on Electronic Commerce - Volume 2
IP protection of DSP algorithms for system on chip implementation
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Techniques for the creation of digital watermarks in sequential circuit designs
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Constraint-based watermarking techniques for design IP protection
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Fingerprinting techniques for field-programmable gate array intellectual property protection
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Local watermarks: methodology and application to behavioral synthesis
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
A vision-based masking model for spread-spectrum image watermarking
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
IPP@HDL: efficient intellectual property protection scheme for IP cores
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Active hardware metering for intellectual property protection and security
SS'07 Proceedings of 16th USENIX Security Symposium on USENIX Security Symposium
Interoperable cross media content and DRM for multichannel distribution
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Emerging Artificial Intelligence Applications in Computer Engineering: Real Word AI Systems with Applications in eHealth, HCI, Information Retrieval and Pervasive Technologies
Synthesis-for-testability watermarking for field authenticatioil of VLSI intellectual property
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems Part I: Regular Papers
Security analysis of integrated circuit camouflaging
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGSAC conference on Computer & communications security
Hardware security: threat models and metrics
Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Aided Design
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We introduce dynamic watermarking techniques for protecting the value of intellectual property of CAD and compilation tools and reusable design components. The essence of the new approach is the addition of a set of design and timing constraints which encodes the author's signature. The constraints are selected in such a way that they result in a minimal hardware overhead while embedding a unique signature that is difficult to remove and forge. Techniques are applicable in conjunction with an arbitrary behavioral synthesis task such as scheduling, assignment, allocation, transformation, and template matching.On a large set of design examples, studies indicate the effectiveness of the new approach that results in signature data that is highly resilient, difficult to detect and remove, and yet is easy to verify and can be embedded in designs with very low hardware overhead. For example, the probability that the same design with the embedded signature is obtained by any other designers by themselves is less than 1 in 10102, and no register overhead was incurred. The probability of tampering, the probability that part of the embedded signature can be removed by random attempts, is shown to be extremely low, and the watermark is additionally protected from such tampering with error-correcting codes.