Free-form deformation of solid geometric models
SIGGRAPH '86 Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Layered construction for deformable animated characters
SIGGRAPH '89 Proceedings of the 16th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Extended free-form deformation: a sculpturing tool for 3D geometric modeling
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Utilizing parametric hyperpatch methods for modeling and display of free-form solids
SMA '91 Proceedings of the first ACM symposium on Solid modeling foundations and CAD/CAM applications
Deformable curve and surface finite-elements for free-form shape design
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Direct manipulation of free-form deformations
SIGGRAPH '92 Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Constraints methods for flexible models
SIGGRAPH '88 Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Physically Based Models with Rigid and Deformable Components
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Global and local deformations of solid primitives
SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Interactive design of smooth objects with probabilistic point constraints
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Special issue on interactive sculpting
Volume-preserving free-form solid
SMA '95 Proceedings of the third ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Algebraic sums for deformation of constructive solids
SMA '95 Proceedings of the third ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
A signal processing approach to fair surface design
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Techniques for interactive design using the PDE method
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Deformation multi-tool combining existing deformation tools
Proceedings of the sixth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
A framework for geometric warps and deformations
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Shape-driven deformations of functionally defined heterogeneous volumetric objects
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and South East Asia
Volume-Preserving Free-Form Solids
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Preventing Self-Intersection under Free-Form Deformation
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Constrained modifications of non-manifold B-reps
SM '03 Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Twister: a space-warp operator for the two-handed editing of 3D shapes
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
Mesh forging: editing of 3D-meshes using implicitly defined occluders
Proceedings of the 2003 Eurographics/ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on Geometry processing
A Painting Interface for Interactive Surface Deformations
PG '03 Proceedings of the 11th Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Geometric primitives based deformation techniques for arbitrary meshes
VRCAI '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH international conference on Virtual Reality continuum and its applications in industry
A painting interface for interactive surface deformations
Graphical Models - Special issue on pacific graphics 2003
Bender: a virtual ribbon for deforming 3D shapes in biomedical and styling applications
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling
Free-form modelling for surface inpainting
AFRIGRAPH '06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Computer graphics, virtual reality, visualisation and interaction in Africa
Computer Aided Geometric Design
Interactive spline-driven deformation for free-form surface styling
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling
Sweepers: swept deformation defined by gesture
Graphical Models - Special issue on SMI 2004
Free hand stroke based virtual sketching, deformation and sculpting of NURBS surface
Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Augmented tele-existence
Arc-length preserving curve deformation based on subdivision
Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics - Special issue: The international symposium on computing and information (ISCI2004)
Space deformations and their application to shape modeling
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
Advances in Engineering Software
A survey of spatial deformation from a user-centered perspective
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Dynamic Axial Curve ---Pair Based Deformation
Edutainment '08 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Technologies for E-Learning and Digital Entertainment
Interactive Constrained Deformations of NURBS Surfaces: N-SCODEF
AMDO '08 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects
Real-time individualized virtual humans
ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008 courses
Discovering Process Models from Unlabelled Event Logs
BPM '09 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Business Process Management
Sizing avatars from skin weights
Proceedings of the 16th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
Computer Aided Geometric Design
Volume-preserving space deformation
Computers and Graphics
Constructive hypervolume modeling using extended space mappings
Heterogeneous objects modelling and applications
Visualization of solution sets from automated docking of molecular structures
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computer Graphics, Virtual Reality, Visualisation and Interaction in Africa
Generalized SCODEF deformations on subdivision surfaces
AMDO'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects
Free-Hand stroke based NURBS surface for sketching and deforming 3d contents
PCM'05 Proceedings of the 6th Pacific-Rim conference on Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - Volume Part I
Curvilinear constraints for free form deformations on subdivision surfaces
Mathematical and Computer Modelling: An International Journal
Curvilinear displacement of free-form-based deformation
The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics
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Deformations are a powerful tool for shape modeling and design. We present a new model for producing controlled spatial deformations, which we term Simple Constrained Deformations (Scodef). The user defines a set of constraint points, giving a desired displacement and radius of influence for each. Each constraint point determines a local B-spline basis function centered at the constraint point, falling to zero for points beyond the radius. The deformed image of any point in space is a blend of these basis functions, using a projection matrix computed to satisfy the constraints. The deformation operates on the whole space regardless of the representation of the objects embedded inside the space. The constraints directly influence the final shape of the deformed objects, and this shape can be fine-tuned by adjusting the radius of influence of each constraint point. The computations required by the technique can be done very efficiently, and real-time interactive deformation editing on current workstations is possible.