Free-form deformation of solid geometric models
SIGGRAPH '86 Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Piecewise-circular curves for geometric modeling
IBM Journal of Research and Development
A butterfly subdivision scheme for surface interpolation with tension control
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Solving the nearest-point-on-curve problem
Graphics gems
Extended free-form deformation: a sculpturing tool for 3D geometric modeling
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Deformation of n-dimensional objects
SMA '91 Proceedings of the first ACM symposium on Solid modeling foundations and CAD/CAM applications
Deformable curve and surface finite-elements for free-form shape design
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Sculpting: an interactive volumetric modeling technique
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Surface reconstruction from unorganized points
SIGGRAPH '92 Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Direct manipulation of free-form deformations
SIGGRAPH '92 Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Geometric manipulation of tensor product surfaces
I3D '92 Proceedings of the 1992 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Simple constrained deformations for geometric modeling and interactive design
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Special issue on interactive sculpting
Passive real-world interface props for neurosurgical visualization
CHI '94 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A generalized de Casteljau approach to 3D free-form deformation
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Free-form deformations with lattices of arbitrary topology
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Interactive multiresolution mesh editing
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Wires: a geometric deformation technique
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Warping and morphing of graphical objects
Warping and morphing of graphical objects
Haptic sculpting of dynamic surfaces
I3D '99 Proceedings of the 1999 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Teddy: a sketching interface for 3D freeform design
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Surface drawing: creating organic 3D shapes with the hand and tangible tools
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Hierarchical B-spline refinement
SIGGRAPH '88 Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Creating principal 3D curves with digital tape drawing
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A framework for geometric warps and deformations
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
FreeDrawer: a free-form sketching system on the responsive workbench
VRST '01 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Physics-Based Deformable Models: Applications to Computer Vision, Graphics, and Medical Imaging
Physics-Based Deformable Models: Applications to Computer Vision, Graphics, and Medical Imaging
Modelling with implicit surfaces that interpolate
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
An interface for creating and manipulating curves using a high degree-of-freedom curve input device
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interactive shape design using volumetric implicit PDEs
SM '03 Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Modelling free-form surfaces using a feature-based approach
SM '03 Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Global and local deformations of solid primitives
SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Shape modeling with point-sampled geometry
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
Twister: a space-warp operator for the two-handed editing of 3D shapes
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
Mesh forging: editing of 3D-meshes using implicitly defined occluders
Proceedings of the 2003 Eurographics/ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on Geometry processing
COMPUTER SCULPTING OF POLYGONAL MODELS USING VIRTUAL TOOLS
COMPUTER SCULPTING OF POLYGONAL MODELS USING VIRTUAL TOOLS
THRED: a two-handed design system
Multimedia Systems - Special issue on multimedia and multisensory virtual worlds
Pen-based styling design of 3D geometry using concept sketches and template models
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling
Boundary of the volume swept by a free-form solid in screw motion
Computer-Aided Design
Computation of rotation minimizing frames
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
A survey of spatial deformation from a user-centered perspective
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
HelSweeper: Screw-sweeps of canal surfaces
Computer-Aided Design
A User-editable C1-Continuous 2.5D Space Deformation Method For 3D Models
Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS)
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In contrast to machined mechanical parts, the 3D shapes encountered in biomedical or styling applications contain many tubular parts, protrusions, engravings, embossings, folds, and smooth bends. It is difficult to design and edit such features using the parameterized operations or even free-form deformations available in CAD or animation systems. The Bender tool proposed here complements previous solutions by allowing a designer holding a 6 DoF 3D tracker in each hand to control the position and orientation of the ends of a stretchable virtual ribbon, which is used to grab the shape in its vicinity and to deform it in realtime, as the designer continues to move, bend, and twist the ribbon. To ensure realtime performance and intuitive control of the ribbon, we model its centerline as a circular biarc and perform adaptive refinement of the triangle-mesh approximation of the surface. To produce a natural and predictable warp, we use the initial and final shapes of the ribbon to define a one-parameter family of screw-motions. The deformation of a surface point is computed by finding its locally closest projection, or projections, on the biarc and by applying the corresponding screws, weighted by a function that decays with the distance to the projection. The combination of these solutions leads to an easy-to-use and effective tool for the direct manipulation of organic or stylized shapes.