Development of an instrument measuring user satisfaction of the human-computer interface
CHI '88 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A metric for hypertext usability
SIGDOC '91 Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Systems documentation
Measuring usability: preference vs. performance
Communications of the ACM
IBM computer usability satisfaction questionnaires: psychometric evaluation and instructions for use
International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction
Multivariate data analysis (4th ed.): with readings
Multivariate data analysis (4th ed.): with readings
Measuring usability: are effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction really correlated?
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Usability Engineering
A Practical Guide to Usability Testing
A Practical Guide to Usability Testing
The human-computer interaction handbook
Master usability scaling: magnitude estimation and master scaling applied to usability measurement
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
From mental effort to perceived usability: transforming experiences into summary assessments
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Comparative usability evaluation
Behaviour & Information Technology
Usability benchmarking case study: media downloads via mobile phones in the US
Proceedings of the 8th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
interactions - Waits & Measures
Meta-analysis of correlations among usability measures
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Assessment of software system evolvability
Ninth international workshop on Principles of software evolution: in conjunction with the 6th ESEC/FSE joint meeting
Information and Software Technology
Mobility '07 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on mobile technology, applications, and systems and the 1st international symposium on Computer human interaction in mobile technology
A pen and speech-based storytelling system for Chinese children
Computers in Human Behavior
Non-universal usability?: a survey of how usability is understood by Chinese and Danish users
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Correlations among prototypical usability metrics: evidence for the construct of usability
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Usability and security of out-of-band channels in secure device pairing protocols
Proceedings of the 5th Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security
User-Centered Design and Evaluation --- The Big Picture
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part I: New Trends
Reliable Evaluation of Multimodal Dialogue Systems
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part II: Novel Interaction Methods and Techniques
Usability evaluation methods: mind the gaps
Proceedings of the 2009 Annual Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists
From playability to a hierarchical game usability model
Future Play '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Future Play on @ GDC Canada
UWIS: An assessment methodology for usability of web-based information systems
Journal of Systems and Software
A probability-based approach for measuring external attributes of software artifacts
ESEM '09 Proceedings of the 2009 3rd International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement
Model-based approaches to quantifying the usability of mobile phones
HCI'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Human-computer interaction: interaction platforms and techniques
A multimodal 3D storytelling system for Chinese children
Edutainment'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Technologies for e-learning and digital entertainment
Determining high level quantitative usability requirements: a case study
HCI'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Human-computer interaction: interaction design and usability
UI-HCII'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Usability and internationalization
Interactive simplicity for iTV: minimizing keys for navigating content
Proceedings of the 8th international interactive conference on Interactive TV&Video
Editorial: Modelling user experience - An agenda for research and practice
Interacting with Computers
Measuring effectiveness of HCI integration in software development processes
Journal of Systems and Software
SPI success factors within product usability evaluation
Journal of Systems and Software
Evaluating multimodal systems: a comparison of established questionnaires and interaction parameters
Proceedings of the 6th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Extending Boundaries
A decision support system for usability evaluation of web-based information systems
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
User experience evaluation metrics for usable accounting tools
SAICSIT '10 Proceedings of the 2010 Annual Research Conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists
The measurability and predictability of user experience
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systems
Rent a Car in Just 0, 60, 240 or 1,217 Seconds? - Comparative Usability Measurement, CUE-8
Journal of Usability Studies
ACII'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Affective computing and intelligent interaction - Volume Part I
Usability evaluation framework: automated interface analysis for android applications
EUROCAST'11 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Computer Aided Systems Theory - Volume Part II
An analytic hierarchy process model for evaluating and comparing website usability
International Journal of Business Information Systems
SPACots: A Software Tool for Selecting COTS Components
International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering
Empirical evaluation of multimodal input interactions
HCI International'13 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human Interface and the Management of Information: information and interaction design - Volume Part I
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Current methods to represent system or task usability in a single metric do not include all the ANSI and ISO defined usability aspects: effectiveness, efficiency & satisfaction. We propose a method to simplify all the ANSI and ISO aspects of usability into a single, standardized and summated usability metric (SUM). In four data sets, totaling 1860 task observations, we show that these aspects of usability are correlated and equally weighted and present a quantitative model for usability. Using standardization techniques from Six Sigma, we propose a scalable process for standardizing disparate usability metrics and show how Principal Components Analysis can be used to establish appropriate weighting for a summated model. SUM provides one continuous variable for summative usability evaluations that can be used in regression analysis, hypothesis testing and usability reporting.