A butterfly subdivision scheme for surface interpolation with tension control
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Pyramid-based texture analysis/synthesis
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An anthropometric face model using variational techniques
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Displaced subdivision surfaces
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Acquiring the reflectance field of a human face
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A Parametric Texture Model Based on Joint Statistics of Complex Wavelet Coefficients
International Journal of Computer Vision - Special issue on statistical and computational theories of vision: modeling, learning, sampling and computing, Part I
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A lighting reproduction approach to live-action compositing
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Real-time Photo-Realistic Physically Based Rendering of Fine Scale Human Skin Structure
Proceedings of the 12th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering Techniques
A Simple Method for Modeling Wrinkles on Human Skin
PG '02 Proceedings of the 10th Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications
The steerable pyramid: a flexible architecture for multi-scale derivative computation
ICIP '95 Proceedings of the 1995 International Conference on Image Processing (Vol. 3)-Volume 3 - Volume 3
Texture Synthesis by Non-Parametric Sampling
ICCV '99 Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision-Volume 2 - Volume 2
CGI '04 Proceedings of the Computer Graphics International
Face transfer with multilinear models
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
Efficiently combining positions and normals for precise 3D geometry
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
Texture design using a simplicial complex of morphable textures
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
Exaggerated shading for depicting shape and detail
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
Level Set Segmentation With Multiple Regions
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Exaggerated shading for depicting shape and detail
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
Facial performance synthesis using deformation-driven polynomial displacement maps
ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2008 papers
EDFCES: a new example-driven 3D face construction and editing system
Machine Graphics & Vision International Journal
Digital Modeling of Material Appearance
Digital Modeling of Material Appearance
Pose-space animation and transfer of facial details
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
High-quality single-shot capture of facial geometry
ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers
Data-driven feature control models for creating virtual faces
ICCSA'07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Computational science and Its applications - Volume Part II
Putting the crowd to work in a knowledge-based factory
Advanced Engineering Informatics
A highly automated method for facial expression synthesis
Transactions on edutainment V
Controllable hand deformation from sparse examples with rich details
SCA '11 Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
A multi-layer model for face aging simulation
Transactions on edutainment VI
Driving 3D morphable models using shading cues
Pattern Recognition
Virtual Reality in Brazil 2011: Reproducing virtual characters
Computers and Graphics
Patch based synthesis for single depth image super-resolution
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part III
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Detailed surface geometry contributes greatly to the visual realism of 3D face models. However, acquiring high-resolution face geometry is often tedious and expensive. Consequently, most face models used in games, virtual reality, or computer vision look unrealistically smooth. In this paper, we introduce a new statistical technique for the analysis and synthesis of small three-dimensional facial features, such as wrinkles and pores. We acquire high-resolution face geometry for people across a wide range of ages, genders, and races. For each scan, we separate the skin surface details from a smooth base mesh using displaced subdivision surfaces. Then, we analyze the resulting displacement maps using the texture analysis/synthesis framework of Heeger and Bergen, adapted to capture statistics that vary spatially across a face. Finally, we use the extracted statistics to synthesize plausible detail on face meshes of arbitrary subjects. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in several applications, including analysis of facial texture in subjects with different ages and genders, interpolation between high-resolution face scans, adding detail to low-resolution face scans, and adjusting the apparent age of faces. In all cases, we are able to re-produce fine geometric details consistent with those observed in high resolution scans.