Generating antialiased images at low sampling densities
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A two-pass solution to the rendering equation: A synthesis of ray tracing and radiosity methods
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A general two-pass method integrating specular and diffuse reflection
SIGGRAPH '89 Proceedings of the 16th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Advanced animation and rendering techniques
Advanced animation and rendering techniques
A comprehensive physical model for light reflection
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Measuring and modeling anisotropic reflection
SIGGRAPH '92 Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Reflection from layered surfaces due to subsurface scattering
SIGGRAPH '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A contrast-based scalefactor for luminance display
Graphics gems IV
Texturing and modeling: a procedural approach
Texturing and modeling: a procedural approach
The visible differences predictor: an algorithm for the assessment of image fidelity
Digital images and human vision
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A model of visual adaptation for realistic image synthesis
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An image-based approach to three-dimensional computer graphics
An image-based approach to three-dimensional computer graphics
A Model of Saliency-Based Visual Attention for Rapid Scene Analysis
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Reflectance and texture of real-world surfaces
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
A framework for realistic image synthesis
Communications of the ACM
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Visual fixations and level of attentional processing
ETRA '00 Proceedings of the 2000 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
User performance with gaze contingent multiresolutional displays
ETRA '00 Proceedings of the 2000 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
A Reflectance Model for Computer Graphics
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
An improved illumination model for shaded display
Communications of the ACM
Homomorphic factorization of BRDFs for high-performance rendering
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Spatiotemporal sensitivity and visual attention for efficient rendering of dynamic environments
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Simulation of wrinkled surfaces
SIGGRAPH '78 Proceedings of the 5th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A Visibility Matching Tone Reproduction Operator for High Dynamic Range Scenes
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Tone Reproduction for Realistic Images
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Comparing Real & Synthetic Scenes using Human Judgements of Lightness
Proceedings of the Eurographics Workshop on Rendering Techniques 2000
Measuring the Perception of Visual Realism in Images
Proceedings of the 12th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering Techniques
Modeling the interaction of light between diffuse surfaces
SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Gaze-directed Adaptive Rendering for Interacting with Virtual Space
VRAIS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS 96)
A data-driven reflectance model
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
Detail to attention: exploiting visual tasks for selective rendering
EGRW '03 Proceedings of the 14th Eurographics workshop on Rendering
A subdivision algorithm for computer display of curved surfaces.
A subdivision algorithm for computer display of curved surfaces.
A survey of surgical simulation: applications, technology, and education
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
User Validation of Image Quality Assessment Algorithms
TPCG '04 Proceedings of the Theory and Practice of Computer Graphics 2004 (TPCG'04)
An experimental approach to predicting saliency for simplified polygonal models
APGV '04 Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization
Efficient BRDF importance sampling using a factored representation
ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers
Visual attention for efficient high-fidelity graphics
Proceedings of the 21st spring conference on Computer graphics
Semiology of graphics
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Effects of Sensory Information and Prior Experience on Direct Subjective Ratings of Presence
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
On uniform resampling and gaze analysis of bidirectional texture functions
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Eye movement analysis for activity recognition
Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Ubiquitous computing
Recognition of visual memory recall processes using eye movement analysis
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Ubiquitous computing
Multimodal recognition of reading activity in transit using body-worn sensors
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
An eye-hand data fusion framework for pervasive sensing of surgical activities
Pattern Recognition
Visual task inference using hidden Markov models
IJCAI'11 Proceedings of the Twenty-Second international joint conference on Artificial Intelligence - Volume Volume Two
Analysis of human gaze interactions with texture and shape
MUSCLE'11 Proceedings of the 2011 international conference on Computational Intelligence for Multimedia Understanding
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Visual realism has been a major objective of computer graphics since the inception of the field. However, the perception of visual realism is not a well-understood process and is usually attributed to a combination of visual cues and image features that are difficult to define or measure. For highly complex images, the problem is even more involved. The purpose of this paper is to present a study based on eye tracking for investigating the perception of visual realism of static images with different visual qualities. The eye-fixation clusters helped to define salient image features corresponding to 3D surface details and light transfer properties that attract observers' attention. This enabled the definition and categorization of image attributes affecting the perception of photorealism. The dynamics of the visual behavior of different observer groups were examined by analyzing saccadic eye movements. We also demonstrated how the different image categories used in the experiments were perceived with varying degrees of visual realism. The results presented can be used as a basis for investigating the impact of individual image features on the perception of visual realism. This study suggests that post-recall or simple abstraction of visual experience is not accurate and the use of eye tracking provides an effective way of determining relevant features that affect visual realism, thus allowing for improved rendering techniques that target these features.