CYC: a large-scale investment in knowledge infrastructure
Communications of the ACM
Text-Based Intelligent Systems: Current Research and Practice in Information Extraction and Retrieval
Semantic Networks in Artificial Intelligence
Semantic Networks in Artificial Intelligence
Inside Computer Understanding: Five Programs Plus Miniatures
Inside Computer Understanding: Five Programs Plus Miniatures
Simulating Smooth Tutorial Dialogue with Pedagogical Value
Proceedings of the Eleventh International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference
A Connectionist Model for Part of Speech Tagging
Proceedings of the Twelfth International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference
The Foundations and Architecture of Autotutor
ITS '98 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
New York University: description of the PROTEUS system as used for MUC-4
MUC4 '92 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Message understanding
SRI International: description of the FASTUS system used for MUC-4
MUC4 '92 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Message understanding
Responding to subtle, fleeting changes in the user's internal state
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Intelligent user interface design for teachable agent systems
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Jacob - An Animated Instruction Agent in Virtual Reality
ICMI '00 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advances in Multimodal Interfaces
Interface Adaptation to Style of User-Computer Interaction
AH '00 Proceedings of the International Conference on Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-Based Systems
Beyond the Short Answer Question with Research Methods Tutor
ITS '02 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Human or Computer? AutoTutor in a Bystander Turing Test
ITS '02 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
A 3-Tier Planning Architecture for Managing Tutorial Dialogue
ITS '02 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
A study in responsiveness in spoken dialog
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Agent-based cooperative learning: a proof-of-concept experiment
Proceedings of the 35th SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education
An evaluation of virtual human technology in informational kiosks
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Latent semantic analysis for dialogue act classification
NAACL-Short '03 Proceedings of the 2003 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human Language Technology: companion volume of the Proceedings of HLT-NAACL 2003--short papers - Volume 2
The Community-Based Intelligent e-Learning System
ICALT '05 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies
Utterance classification in AutoTutor
HLT-NAACL-EDUC '03 Proceedings of the HLT-NAACL 03 workshop on Building educational applications using natural language processing - Volume 2
Automatic evaluation of students' answers using syntactically enhanced LSA
HLT-NAACL-EDUC '03 Proceedings of the HLT-NAACL 03 workshop on Building educational applications using natural language processing - Volume 2
Incorporating an intelligent tutoring system into CS1
Proceedings of the 37th SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education
A “stereo” document representation for textual information retrieval
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Commercializing a multiagent-supported collaborative system
AAMAS '06 Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems
A computer-supported cooperative learning system with multiagent intelligence
AAMAS '06 Proceedings of the fifth international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems
Natural language interaction in goal-directed C&C: a comparative analysis of semantic inference
HLT '02 Proceedings of the second international conference on Human Language Technology Research
An efficient incremental architecture for robust interpretation
HLT '02 Proceedings of the second international conference on Human Language Technology Research
Health Document Explanation by Virtual Agents
IVA '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Spoken Versus Typed Human and Computer Dialogue Tutoring
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
The Behavior of Tutoring Systems
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
nAble Adaptive Scaffolding Agent - Intelligent Support for Novices
WI-IAT '08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology - Volume 03
The Effect of Explaining on Learning: a Case Study with a Data Normalization Tutor
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology
Tools for Authoring a Dialogue Agent that Participates in Learning Studies
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Technology Rich Learning Contexts That Work
Content Matters: An Investigation of Feedback Categories within an ITS
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Technology Rich Learning Contexts That Work
Mind and Body: Dialogue and Posture for Affect Detection in Learning Environments
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Technology Rich Learning Contexts That Work
Verification of Proof Steps for Tutoring Mathematical Proofs
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Technology Rich Learning Contexts That Work
CAMELEON: A Generic Model of Embodied Conversational Agent for e-Learning Portals
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Supporting Learning Flow through Integrative Technologies
Multiagent coalition formation for computer-supported cooperative learning
IAAI'06 Proceedings of the 18th conference on Innovative applications of artificial intelligence - Volume 2
A classification of dialogue actions in tutorial dialogue
COLING '08 Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Computational Linguistics - Volume 1
IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
A revised algorithm for latent semantic analysis
IJCAI'03 Proceedings of the 18th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
What Students Expect May Have More Impact Than What They Know or Feel
Proceedings of the 2009 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Learning Systems that Care: From Knowledge Representation to Affective Modelling
Computers in Human Behavior
Dealing with interpretation errors in tutorial dialogue
SIGDIAL '09 Proceedings of the SIGDIAL 2009 Conference: The 10th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue
The impact of interpretation problems on tutorial dialogue
ACLShort '10 Proceedings of the ACL 2010 Conference Short Papers
BEETLE II: a system for tutoring and computational linguistics experimentation
ACLDemos '10 Proceedings of the ACL 2010 System Demonstrations
SpringSim '10 Proceedings of the 2010 Spring Simulation Multiconference
EC-TEL'10 Proceedings of the 5th European conference on Technology enhanced learning conference on Sustaining TEL: from innovation to learning and practice
Towards Individualized Dialogue Support for Ill-Defined Domains
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Brick by brick: iterating interventions to bridge the achievement gap with virtual peers
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Relational agents improve engagement and learning in science museum visitors
IVA'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Affect detection from human-computer dialogue with an intelligent tutoring system
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Beetle II: an adaptable tutorial dialogue system
SIGDIAL '11 Proceedings of the SIGDIAL 2011 Conference
Towards effective tutorial feedback for explanation questions: a dataset and baselines
NAACL HLT '12 Proceedings of the 2012 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies
ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS) - Special issue on highlights of the decade in interactive intelligent systems
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
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AutoTutor is a computer tutor that simulates the discourse patterns and pedagogical strategies of a typical human tutor. AutoTutor is designed to assist college students in learning the fundamentals of hardware, operating systems, and the Internet in an introductory computer literacy course. Most tutors in school systems are not highly trained in tutoring techniques and have only a modest expertise on the tutoring topic, but they are surprisingly effective in producing learning gains in students. We have dissected the discourse and pedagogical strategies these unskilled tutors exhibit by analyzing approximately 100 hours of naturalistic tutoring sessions. These mechanisms are implemented in AutoTutor. AutoTutor presents questions and problems from a curriculum script, attempts to comprehend learner contributions that are entered by keyboard, formulates dialog moves that are sensitive to the learner's contributions (such as short feedback, pumps, prompts, elaborations, corrections, and hints), and delivers the dialog moves with a talking head. AutoTutor has seven modules: a curriculum script, language extraction, speech act classification, latent semantic analysis, topic selection, dialog move generation, and a talking head.