Specifying gestures by example
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Tilting operations for small screen interfaces
Proceedings of the 9th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Implications for a gesture design tool
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Sensing techniques for mobile interaction
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
An Algorithm for Finding Best Matches in Logarithmic Expected Time
ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software (TOMS)
Phidgets: easy development of physical interfaces through physical widgets
Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Efficient Visual Recognition Using the Hausdorff Distance
Efficient Visual Recognition Using the Hausdorff Distance
Hierarchical parsing and recognition of hand-sketched diagrams
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
SHARK2: a large vocabulary shorthand writing system for pen-based computers
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
MiniBit: bit-width optimization via affine arithmetic
Proceedings of the 42nd annual Design Automation Conference
Smart bit-width allocation for low power optimization in a systemc based ASIC design environment
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe: Proceedings
A Bit Level Representation for Time Series Data Mining with Shape Based Similarity
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Fast time series classification using numerosity reduction
ICML '06 Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Machine learning
Modeling human performance of pen stroke gestures
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Exact indexing of dynamic time warping
VLDB '02 Proceedings of the 28th international conference on Very Large Data Bases
Gestures without libraries, toolkits or training: a $1 recognizer for user interface prototypes
Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Microprogram Optimization: A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Gesture recognition with a Wii controller
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Tangible and embedded interaction
An implementation of an FPGA-based embedded gesture recognizer using a data glove
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Ubiquitous information management and communication
The peaking phenomenon in the presence of feature-selection
Pattern Recognition Letters
Hacking the Nintendo Wii Remote
IEEE Pervasive Computing
Real time gesture recognition using continuous time recurrent neural networks
Proceedings of the ICST 2nd international conference on Body area networks
GestureBar: improving the approachability of gesture-based interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Shapewriter on the iphone: from the laboratory to the real world
CHI '09 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The Gesture Watch: A Wireless Contact-free Gesture based Wrist Interface
ISWC '07 Proceedings of the 2007 11th IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers
The VLDB Journal — The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases
Gesture Recognition with a 3-D Accelerometer
UIC '09 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing
uWave: Accelerometer-based personalized gesture recognition and its applications
PERCOM '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications
GLADDER: combining gesture and geometric sketch recognition
AAAI'08 Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 3
Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Cursive script recognition by elastic matching
IBM Journal of Research and Development
The $3 recognizer: simple 3D gesture recognition on mobile devices
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Bit-level optimization for high-level synthesis and FPGA-based acceleration
Proceedings of the 18th annual ACM/SIGDA international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
MAGIC: a motion gesture design tool
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Protractor: a fast and accurate gesture recognizer
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
GART: the gesture and activity recognition toolkit
HCI'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Human-computer interaction: intelligent multimodal interaction environments
Bit-width allocation for hardware accelerators for scientific computing using SAT-modulo theory
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
A lightweight multistroke recognizer for user interface prototypes
Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2010
A survey of mobile phone sensing
IEEE Communications Magazine
Accelerating Dynamic Time Warping Subsequence Search with GPUs and FPGAs
ICDM '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining
Protractor3D: a closed-form solution to rotation-invariant 3D gestures
Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Similarity Search: The Metric Space Approach
Similarity Search: The Metric Space Approach
DoubleFlip: a motion gesture delimiter for mobile interaction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Evaluating Gesture Recognition by Multiple-Sensor-Containing Mobile Devices
ISWC '11 Proceedings of the 2011 15th Annual International Symposium on Wearable Computers
On the limits of the human motor control precision: the search for a device's human resolution
INTERACT'11 Proceedings of the 13th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction - Volume Part II
The effect of sampling rate on the performance of template-based gesture recognizers
ICMI '11 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on multimodal interfaces
Discovering the Intrinsic Cardinality and Dimensionality of Time Series Using MDL
ICDM '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE 11th International Conference on Data Mining
Time Series Epenthesis: Clustering Time Series Streams Requires Ignoring Some Data
ICDM '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE 11th International Conference on Data Mining
6DMG: a new 6D motion gesture database
Proceedings of the 3rd Multimedia Systems Conference
Breaking the status quo: Improving 3D gesture recognition with spatially convenient input devices
VR '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Virtual Reality Conference
Bootstrapping personal gesture shortcuts with the wisdom of the crowd and handwriting recognition
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
$N-protractor: a fast and accurate multistroke recognizer
Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2012
Small gestures go a long way: how many bits per gesture do recognizers actually need?
Proceedings of the Designing Interactive Systems Conference
Searching and mining trillions of time series subsequences under dynamic time warping
Proceedings of the 18th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Gestures as point clouds: a $P recognizer for user interface prototypes
Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Multimodal interaction
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The interactive demands of the upcoming ubiquitous computing era have set off researchers and practitioners toward prototyping new gesture-sensing devices and gadgets. At the same time, the practical needs of developing for such miniaturized prototypes with sometimes very low processing power and memory resources make practitioners in high demand of fast gesture recognizers employing little memory. However, the available work on motion gesture classifiers has mainly focused on delivering high recognition performance with less discussion on execution speed or required memory. This work investigates the performance of today's commonly used 3D motion gesture recognizers under the effect of different gesture dimensionality and bit cardinality representations. Specifically, we show that few sampling points and low bit depths are sufficient for most motion gesture metrics to attain their peak recognition performance in the context of the popular Nearest-Neighbor classification approach. As a practical consequence, 16x faster recognizers working with 32x less memory while delivering the same high levels of recognition performance are being reported. We present recognition results for a large gesture corpus consisting in nearly 20,000 gesture samples. In addition, a toolkit is provided to assist practitioners in optimizing their gesture recognizers in order to increase classification speed and reduce memory consumption for their designs. At a deeper level, our findings suggest that the precision of the human motor control system articulating 3D gestures is needlessly surpassed by the precision of today's motion sensing technology that unfortunately bares a direct connection with the sensors' cost. We hope this work will encourage practitioners to consider improving the performance of their prototypes by careful analysis of motion gesture representation rather than by throwing more processing power and more memory into the design.