The media equation: how people treat computers, television, and new media like real people and places
The representation of agents: anthropomorphism, agency, and intelligence
Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The persona effect: affective impact of animated pedagogical agents
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
The effects of animated characters on anxiety, task performance, and evaluations of user interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Helper agent: designing an assistant for human-human interaction in a virtual meeting space
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Does computer-generated speech manifest personality? an experimental test of similarity-attraction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
AGENTS '00 Proceedings of the fourth international conference on Autonomous agents
The impact of animated interface agents: a review of empirical research
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
External manifestations of trustworthiness in the interface
Communications of the ACM
An experimental study of the human/computer interface
Communications of the ACM
Relational agents: a model and implementation of building user trust
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Measurement and evaluation of embodied conversational agents
Embodied conversational agents
Truth is beauty: researching embodied conversational agents
Embodied conversational agents
Social role awareness in animated agents
Proceedings of the fifth international conference on Autonomous agents
Usability Engineering
Embodied contextual agent in information delivering application
Proceedings of the first international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems: part 2
Object persistence for synthetic creatures
Proceedings of the first international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems: part 3
Fully Embodied Conversational Avatars: Making Communicative Behaviors Autonomous
Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems
The Persona Effect: How Substantial Is It?
HCI '98 Proceedings of HCI on People and Computers XIII
Evaluating users' experience of a character-enhanced information space
AI Communications
Human-Computer Interaction
Recognising emotions in human and synthetic faces: the role of the upper and lower parts of the face
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
A first evaluation study of a database of kinetic facial expressions (DaFEx)
ICMI '05 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Affective affordances: Improving interface character engagement through interaction
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Human-computer interaction research in the managemant information systems discipline
Journal of Biomedical Informatics - Special issue: Dialog systems for health communications
Realism is not all! User engagement with task-related interface characters
Interacting with Computers
Visual Femininity and Masculinity in Synthetic Characters and Patterns of Affect
ACII '07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
IVA '08 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
A Look at the Roles of Look & Roles in Embodied Pedagogical Agents - A User Preference Perspective
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
On-Site Evaluation of the Interactive COHIBIT Museum Exhibit
IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Effects of facial similarity on user responses to embodied agents
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Towards personality-based user adaptation: psychologically informed stylistic language generation
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
The properties of DaFEx, a database of kinetic facial expressions
ACII'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
An approach to conversational agent design using semantic sentence similarity
Applied Intelligence
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One would like to rely on design guidelines for embodied conversational agents (ECAs), grounded on evaluation studies. How to define the physical and mental characteristics of an ECA, optimal for an envisioned application? What will be the added value of using an ECA? Although there have been studies addressing such issues, we are still far from getting a complete picture. This is not only due to the still relatively little experience with applications of ECAs, but also to the diversity in terms and experimental settings used. The lack of a common, established framework makes it difficult to compare ECAs, interpret evaluation results and judge their scope and relevance. In this chapter we propose a common taxonomy of the relevant design and evaluation aspects of ECAs. We refer to recent works to elicit evaluation concepts and discuss measurement issues.