An investigation into the skeletonization approach of Hilditch
Pattern Recognition
A comment on “a fast parallel algorithm for thinning digital patterns”
Communications of the ACM - The MIT Press scientific computation series
An improved parallel thinning algorithm
Communications of the ACM
A vectorizer and feature extractor for document recognition
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing
A comment on an investigation into the skeletonization approach of Hilditch
Pattern Recognition
Digital image processing (2nd ed.)
Digital image processing (2nd ed.)
A thinning algorithm based on contours
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A one-pass thinning algoruthm and its parallel implementation
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing
Computer processing of line images: a survey
Pattern Recognition
Binary picture thinning by an iterative parallel two-subcycle operation
Pattern Recognition
A contour characterization for multiply connected figures
Pattern Recognition Letters
A pattern adaptive thinning algorithm
Pattern Recognition
CST: A fast thinning algorithm implemented on a sequential computer
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics
A width-independent algorithm for character skeleton estimation
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing
A preprocessing algorithm for handwritten character recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
A contour processing method for fast binary neighbourhood operations
Pattern Recognition Letters
A thinning algorithm by contour generation
Communications of the ACM
A modified fast parallel algorithm for thinning digital patterns
Pattern Recognition Letters
Inspection of Printed Circuit Boards by Connectivity Preserving Shrinking
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A note on Rutovtz' method for parallel thinning
Pattern Recognition Letters
Line thinning by line following
Pattern Recognition Letters
Parallel thinning with two-subiteration algorithms
Communications of the ACM
Fast parallel thinning algorithms: parallel speed and connectivity preservation
Communications of the ACM
A One-Pass Two-Operation Process to Detect the Skeletal Pixels on the 4-Distance Transform
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Fast and Flexible Thinning Algorithm
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Digital topology: introduction and survey
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing
Parametrisable skeletonization of binary and multi-level images
Pattern Recognition Letters
A comparison of some one-pass parallel thinnings
Pattern Recognition Letters
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing
The State of the Art in Online Handwriting Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A parallel-symmetric thinning algorithm
Pattern Recognition
Sequential Operations in Digital Picture Processing
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Connectivity in Digital Pictures
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Some Parallel Thinning Algorithms for Digital Pictures
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
A fast parallel algorithm for thinning digital patterns
Communications of the ACM
Thinning algorithms on rectangular, hexagonal, and triangular arrays
Communications of the ACM
Algorithms for Graphics and Imag
Algorithms for Graphics and Imag
Digital Picture Processing
An approach to integration of off-line and on-line recognition of handwriting
Pattern Recognition Letters
A visualization tool for mechanical design
Proceedings of the 7th conference on Visualization '96
Veinerization: A New Shape Description for Flexible Skeletonization
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Singularities and Regularities on Line Pictures via Symmetrical Trapezoids
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Computer Vision Method for DeterminingLength of Cheese Shreds
Artificial Intelligence Review
Feature Analysis Using Line Sweep Thinning Algorithm
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Identification of Fork Points on the Skeletons of Handwritten Chinese Characters
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
On-Line and Off-Line Handwriting Recognition: A Comprehensive Survey
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Boundary Smoothing via Symmetry Transforms
Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision
Fast visualization of plane-like structures in voxel data
Proceedings of the conference on Visualization '02
Using the Cowichan Problems to Assess the Usability of Orca
IEEE Parallel & Distributed Technology: Systems & Technology
Direct Extraction of Topographic Features for Gray Scale Character Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
An Evaluation of Parallel Thinning Algorithms for Character Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Rotation Invariant Rule-Based Thinning Algorithm for Character Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Transitions of the 3D Medial Axis under a One-Parameter Family of Deformations
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part II
Stable and Robust Vectorization: How to Make the Right Choices
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
Processing of the Connected Shapes in Raster-to-Vector Conversion Process
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
A Really Useful Vectorization Algorithm
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
GREC '99 Selected Papers from the Third International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances
Skeletonization on Orojection Pictures
CAIP '99 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns
Color Thinning with Applications to Biomedical Images
CAIP '01 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns
Symmetry Maps of Free-Form Curve Segments via Wave Propagation
International Journal of Computer Vision - Special Issue on Computational Vision at Brown University
Efficient computation of a simplified medial axis
SM '03 Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
New Approach for the Skeletonization of Handwritten Characters in Gray-Level Images
ICDAR '03 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 2
Shock Filters for Character Image Enhancement and Peeling
ICDAR '03 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 2
A Component-Labeling Algorithm Using Contour Tracing Technique
ICDAR '03 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition - Volume 2
Skeletonization of Ribbon-Like Shapes Based on a New Wavelet Function
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A comparative discussion of distance transforms and simple deformations in digital image processing
Machine Graphics & Vision International Journal
Automatic and Robust Computation of 3D Medial Models Incorporating Object Variability
International Journal of Computer Vision - Special Issue on Research at the University of North Carolina Medical Image Display Analysis Group (MIDAG)
A Formal Classification of 3D Medial Axis Points and Their Local Geometry
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Extracting Stroke Information in Static Line Images
ICPR '98 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Pattern Recognition-Volume 2 - Volume 2
Fast Robust Fingerprint Feature Extraction and Classification
Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems
Area-Based Medial Axis of Planar Curves
International Journal of Computer Vision
Image thinning using pulse coupled neural network
Pattern Recognition Letters
Homotopy-preserving medial axis simplification
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling
Simplified engineering analysis via medial mesh reduction
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling
Handwritten character skeletonisation for forensic document analysis
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Applied computing
Estimating the Pen Trajectories of Static Signatures Using Hidden Markov Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Estimating the Pen Trajectories of Multi-Path Static Scripts Using Hidden Markov Models
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Hardware Design of On-Line Jawi Character Recognition Chip using Discrete Wavelet Transform
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
A Novel Approach to Recover Writing Order From Single Stroke Offline Handwritten Images
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Robust and Accurate Vectorization of Line Drawings
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
International Journal of Computers and Applications
A Framework Toward Restoration of Writing Order from Single-Stroked Handwriting Image
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Efficient and robust computation of an approximated medial axis
SM '04 Proceedings of the ninth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
3D discrete skeleton generation by wave propagation on PR-octree for finite element mesh sizing
SM '04 Proceedings of the ninth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Skeletonization based on error reduction
Pattern Recognition
Detecting fingerprint minutiae by run length encoding scheme
Pattern Recognition
Integrating digital topology in image-processing libraries
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
The multiresolution gradient vector field skeleton
Pattern Recognition
DBSC-based pencil style simulation for line drawings
Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Game research and development
Computing a family of skeletons of volumetric models for shape description
Computer-Aided Design
Triangle refinement in a constrained Delaunay triangulation skeleton
Pattern Recognition
Topology Repair of Solid Models Using Skeletons
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Improved skeleton extraction and surface generation for sketch-based modeling
GI '07 Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2007
Discrete bisector function and Euclidean skeleton in 2D and 3D
Image and Vision Computing
TIP-OPC: a new topological invariant paradigm for pixel based optical proximity correction
Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
SMO'06 Proceedings of the 6th WSEAS International Conference on Simulation, Modelling and Optimization
Photorealistic modeling of the growth of filamentous specimens
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
Describing shapes by geometrical-topological properties of real functions
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Contour line thinning and multigrid generation of raster-based digital elevation models
International Journal of Geographical Information Science
A system for processing handwritten bank checks automatically
Image and Vision Computing
Global Localization for the Mobile Robot Based on Natural Number Recognition in Corridor Environment
Neural Information Processing
A Fast Method to Segment the Liver According to Couinaud's Classification
Medical Imaging and Informatics
The use of a projection method to simplify portal and hepatic vein segmentation in liver anatomy
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
A New Accumulator-Based Approach to Shape Recognition
ISVC '08 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing, Part II
A general approach to off-line signature verification
WSEAS Transactions on Computers
Computational Approaches for Automatic Structural Analysis of Large Biomolecular Complexes
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (TCBB)
Region growing based segmentation algorithm for typewritten and handwritten text recognition
Applied Soft Computing
Morphological image processing for FM source detection and localization
Signal Processing
Hardware Implementation of Skeletonization Algorithm for Parallel Asynchronous Image Processing
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
ISMAR '08 Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
A new pattern matching approach to the recognition of printed Arabic
Semitic '98 Proceedings of the Workshop on Computational Approaches to Semitic Languages
Three-dimensional shape searching: state-of-the-art review and future trends
Computer-Aided Design
Generating 3D building models from architectural drawings: a survey
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications - Special issue title on generating 3D building models a VR playground for teaching math
IVIC '09 Proceedings of the 1st International Visual Informatics Conference on Visual Informatics: Bridging Research and Practice
An Order---Independent Sequential Thinning Algorithm
IWCIA '09 Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Combinatorial Image Analysis
A Novel Approach to Skeletonization for Multi-font OCR Applications
PReMI '09 Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence
Skeletonization of labeled gray-tone images
Image and Vision Computing
Discrete topology on N-dimensional square tessellated grids
Image and Vision Computing
An automatic segmentation method for scanned images of wheat root systems with dark discolourations
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science - Special Section: Robot Control Theory Cezary Zielinski
Ribbon-like skeletonization based on contour reconstrction on intersection regions
SMC'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics
Skeletonization based on high-level Markov random field
SMC'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics
Pyramidal thinning algorithm for SIMD parallel machines
Pattern Recognition
Accurate spatial neighborhood relationships for arbitrarily-shaped objects using Hamilton-Jacobi GVD
SCIA'07 Proceedings of the 15th Scandinavian conference on Image analysis
Graph based shapes representation and recognition
GbRPR'07 Proceedings of the 6th IAPR-TC-15 international conference on Graph-based representations in pattern recognition
Shape recognition and retrieval: A structural approach using velocity function
CAIP'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Computer analysis of images and patterns
Fingerprint enhancement and reconstruction
ICIC'09 Proceedings of the Intelligent computing 5th international conference on Emerging intelligent computing technology and applications
Similarity computation based on feature extraction for off-line Chinese signature verification
FSKD'09 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Fuzzy systems and knowledge discovery - Volume 1
Techniques for static handwriting trajectory recovery: a survey
DAS '10 Proceedings of the 9th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems
A computer-aided distinction of borderline grades of oral cancer
ICIP'09 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE international conference on Image processing
Parallel image thinning through topological operators on shared memory parallel machines
Asilomar'09 Proceedings of the 43rd Asilomar conference on Signals, systems and computers
Derivation of road network from land parcels
Proceedings of the 18th SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems
Skeleton growing and pruning with bending potential ratio
Pattern Recognition
Organization of data in non-convex spatial domains
SSDBM'10 Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Scientific and statistical database management
Original paper: Real time feature extraction and Standard Cutting Models fitting in grape leaves
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Review article: Edge and line oriented contour detection: State of the art
Image and Vision Computing
A new scheme for unconstrained handwritten text-line segmentation
Pattern Recognition
3D block-based medial axis transform and chessboard distance transform based on dominance
Image and Vision Computing
Local Orthogonal Cutting Method for Computing Medial Curves and Its Biomedical Applications
SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
Computation of the shock scaffold for unorganized point clouds in 3D
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Computationally efficient fingerprint algorithm for automatic recognition
SSIP'05 Proceedings of the 5th WSEAS international conference on Signal, speech and image processing
On the computation of the {3, 4, 5} curve skeleton of 3D objects
Pattern Recognition Letters
Skeleton simplification by key points identification
MCPR'10 Proceedings of the 2nd Mexican conference on Pattern recognition: Advances in pattern recognition
A finger-vein verification system using mean curvature
Pattern Recognition Letters
Artistic line-drawings retrieval based on the pictorial content
Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage (JOCCH)
Morphological image enhancement procedure design by using genetic programming
Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
On topology preservation for hexagonal parallel thinning algorithms
IWCIA'11 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Combinatorial image analysis
Selecting anchor points for 2D skeletonization
ICIAR'11 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Image analysis and recognition - Volume Part I
Skeletonization of low-quality characters based on point cloud model
ICCSA'11 Proceedings of the 2011 international conference on Computational science and its applications - Volume Part IV
Human gait recognition using extraction and fusion of global motion features
Multimedia Tools and Applications
A design of a preprocessing framework for large database of historical documents
Proceedings of the 2011 Workshop on Historical Document Imaging and Processing
An ant-inspired algorithm for detection of image edge features
Applied Soft Computing
An improved contour-based thinning method for character images
Pattern Recognition Letters
Computing medial axes of generic 3D regions bounded by B-spline surfaces
Computer-Aided Design
TimeLapseAnalyzer: Multi-target analysis for live-cell imaging and time-lapse microscopy
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
K3M: A universal algorithm for image skeletonization and a review of thinning techniques
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Searching the past: an improved shape descriptor to retrieve maya hieroglyphs
MM '11 Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Multimedia
A queue based algorithm for order independent anchored skeletonisation
CAIP'05 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns
A fuzzy hierarchical attributed graph approach for handwritten hieroglyphs description
CAIP'05 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns
Skeleton representation of character based on multiscale approach
CIS'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Computational Intelligence and Security - Volume Part II
Skeletonization of noisy images via the method of legendre moments
ACIVS'05 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems
Structural and textural skeletons for noisy shapes
ISVC'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Advances in Visual Computing
FPGA-based Personal Authentication Using Fingerprints
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
Multiscale approach for thinning ridges of fingerprint
IbPRIA'05 Proceedings of the Second Iberian conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis - Volume Part II
Axial representation of character by using wavelet transform
FSKD'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery - Volume Part II
A tutorial on fingerprint recognition
ASB'03 Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Advanced Studies in Biometrics
Discrete 3d tools applied to 2d grey-level images
ICIAP'05 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Image Analysis and Processing
GbRPR'05 Proceedings of the 5th IAPR international conference on Graph-Based Representations in Pattern Recognition
Skeletonization of fingerprint based-on modulus minima of wavelet transform
SINOBIOMETRICS'04 Proceedings of the 5th Chinese conference on Advances in Biometric Person Authentication
Topological and geometrical reconstruction of complex objects on irregular isothetic grids
DGCI'06 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery
Discrete bisector function and euclidean skeleton
DGCI'05 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery
Computing a family of skeletons of volumetric models for shape description
GMP'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Geometric Modeling and Processing
Separated medial surface extraction from CT data of machine parts
GMP'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Geometric Modeling and Processing
Urban road extraction from high-resolution optical satellite images
ICIAR'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition - Volume Part II
NURBS skeleton: a new shape representation scheme using skeletonization and NURBS curves modeling
CIARP'11 Proceedings of the 16th Iberoamerican Congress conference on Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis, Computer Vision, and Applications
Gray-Scale thinning algorithm using local min/max operations
DAS'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Document Analysis Systems
Delaunay conforming iso-surface, skeleton extraction and noise removal
Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications
Biometrics-based consumer applications driven by reconfigurable hardware architectures
Future Generation Computer Systems
Efficient graffiti image retrieval
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval
Mobile vision-based sketch recognition with SPARK
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Sufficient conditions for order-independency in sequential thinning
Acta Cybernetica
Discovering regions of different functions in a city using human mobility and POIs
Proceedings of the 18th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Mixing images and sketches for retrieving vector drawings
EGMM'04 Proceedings of the Seventh Eurographics conference on Multimedia
Parsing architecture within plan drawings with application to medieval castles and fortresses
VAST'09 Proceedings of the 10th International conference on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage
On Using Anisotropic Diffusion for Skeleton Extraction
International Journal of Computer Vision
Optimal decision trees for local image processing algorithms
Pattern Recognition Letters
Detecting and tracking motion of myxococcus xanthus bacteria in swarms
MICCAI'12 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - Volume Part I
Structural vectorization of raster images
Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Image and Vision Computing New Zealand
A data acquisition and analysis system for palm leaf documents in Telugu
Proceeding of the workshop on Document Analysis and Recognition
Hand dorsal vein recognition based on hierarchically structured texture and geometry features
CCBR'12 Proceedings of the 7th Chinese conference on Biometric Recognition
Genetic programming for edge detection using multivariate density
Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Segmentation of connected handwritten digits using Self-Organizing Maps
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Journal of Real-Time Image Processing
| Hi-index | 0.15 |
A comprehensive survey of thinning methodologies is presented. A wide range of thinning algorithms, including iterative deletion of pixels and nonpixel-based methods, is covered. Skeletonization algorithms based on medial axis and other distance transforms are not considered. An overview of the iterative thinning process and the pixel-deletion criteria needed to preserve the connectivity of the image pattern is given first. Thinning algorithms are then considered in terms of these criteria and their modes of operation. Nonpixel-based methods that usually produce a center line of the pattern directly in one pass without examining all the individual pixels are discussed. The algorithms are considered in great detail and scope, and the relationships among them are explored.